#: locale=en
## Action
### Text to Speech
TextToSpeechBehaviour_E2F7EC5C_D06C_F78C_41D5_98BB664573E2.text = Next Pano
TextToSpeechBehaviour_31790246_12C5_740A_419A_C19B8BFDFA0B.text = Orient Leftwards
TextToSpeechBehaviour_300374CD_12C5_1C1E_41B1_03F3EF8E0978.text = Orient backwards
TextToSpeechBehaviour_3178F497_12C5_1C09_419F_4C24FF6E7330.text = Orient frontwards
TextToSpeechBehaviour_3024FA07_12C7_1409_418D_D9DDE93728EB.text = Orient rightwards
TextToSpeechBehaviour_30578C46_12C5_6C0B_417E_D3F3884E9B9A.text = Previous Pano
TextToSpeechBehaviour_5AFF2D8E_4A50_ED0A_41C7_263AA75E4EE0.text = Scott Joplin House State Historic Site \
2658 Delmar Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63103 \
Office Number: 314-340-5790
TextToSpeechBehaviour_BCBCBB44_A360_0665_41E0_886F595700D2.text = Scott Joplin House State Historic Site \
2658 Delmar Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63103 \
Office Number: 314-340-5790
### URL
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LinkBehaviour_E9BF5F78_DF3F_6333_41C3_9DE2A1DFBBED.source = https://icampmo.usedirect.com/MSPWeb/Customers/ShoppingCart.aspx
LinkBehaviour_BCC635D9_A320_026F_41E4_88C079C62693.source = https://icampmo.usedirect.com/MSPWeb/Customers/ShoppingCart.aspx
LinkBehaviour_E9BF5F74_DF3F_6333_41EA_27EA6724E593.source = https://mostateparks.com/page/mo-virtual-heritage
LinkBehaviour_BCC7C961_A320_025F_41E5_FDD5695BDD2F.source = https://mostateparks.com/page/mo-virtual-heritage
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LinkBehaviour_BCBCBB44_A360_0665_41DD_505CAFA4BEB1.source = tel:6609632525
## Hotspot
### Text
HotspotPanoramaOverlayTextImage_FAE1CAA6_E3BA_33F5_41E5_1D1FF6740977.text = To Museum \
HotspotPanoramaOverlayTextImage_FAE14999_E3BA_31DF_41DB_8F7DF4733FD6.text = To Poppy Garden
HotspotPanoramaOverlayTextImage_FAE22060_E3BE_6F6D_41D2_22F46B3B3030.text = To Prairie Mound
## Media
### Audio
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### Audio Subtitles
### Image
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General John J. Pershing Boyhood Home State Historic Site
1100 Pershing Drive, Laclede, MO 64651
Office Number: 660-963-2525
CONTACT
General John J. Pershing Boyhood Home State Historic Site
1100 Pershing Drive, Laclede, MO 64651
Office Number: 660-963-2525
in the center of the brick walkway is a grassy patch with a monument. The bronze statue of General Pershing stands on top of a stone pedestal
the grass easement leading to the street.
Ahead is the doorway to the next room in the left corner there is an armchair upholstered with a cream colored pattern. On the right there is a wooden high chair against the wall
In the corner of the room the wallpaper is peeling and the exposed wood can be seen. Two chairs are in front of a window
The entryway has a staircase to the right with the large banister. The doorway a head leads into another room.
To the left of the window is a framed hair wreath. Underneath the window in the center of the wall is a satay laid with a quilt
A bedroom in the corner there is a large wardrobe and in front of it a rocking chair with a crazy quilt
A bedroom with a vanity in the far corner and a dresser under the window
A brick pathway bends to the right shrubs ahead
A brick pathway leading between shrubs ahead is the general Pershing statue. A bronze full size statue on a tall stone pedestal
A cast iron stove set with pots and pans ahead. Along the back wall under the window is a wooden piece of furniture for holding wood, on top of a peel and a metal object with ridges
A chest is in front of the staircase railing
A chest of drawers with a mirror on top to the right of the doorway and a cast-iron stove in the center
A flag pole in the center between large stone tablets in the grass
A grassy yard with trees in the distance
A gravel path leading around the squares garden to the left
A gravel path leading back to the school
A gravel path leading back to the street
A gravel path leading to a corner intersection
A large stone tablet with the inscription wall of honor
A recessed bay window has a round end table set with a lamp in it. The light coming through is very bright and the images over exposed
A sidewalk running along the street on your right
A table to your left is in the center of the room. There's a couch under a window on the right with a patchwork quilt
A walled garden of stone planters planted with poppies
A window has lace curtains and beneath it a couch with a patchwork quilt.
A wooden framed couch with a convertible frame allowing it to be turned into a daybed beneath the window
A writing desk is open it has a small clock on top of it there is a large ledger book open with lots of writing and a feather quill laid on top of it
Ahead are three rocking chairs in the corner and against the wall a writing desk open with some papers laid on it
Brick pathway curves around to the left there's stone tablets surrounding the monument
In front of the window with a sewing machine on the table to the left is a spinning machine and all the right yarn wrapped around a large wheel
In the center of the room is a table with two leaves folded down various books and artifacts are laid on top of it including a Bible and a pair of glasses in a case
On the right, Under the window there is a couch with a wooden frame around it
The back door leading out is half way of the wall, there are several pails on the ground and dried herbs hanging from the ceiling
The back of the home is a brick patio. Ahead is a handicap accessible ramp and deck leading to the back door. There is one step up onto the deck. The ramp leads off to the sidewalk.
The bed ahead is against the wall. There is a trundle pull out with a second mattress underneath and two quilts laid on the bed.
The brick path way bends around to the right there is a stone bench next to a flag pole on the left
The brick pathway curves around to the left there are two stone tablets in the grass on the right and a bench at the edge of brick pathway
The brick pathway curves around to the left there is a stone seat on the right hand side next to the flag pole
The brick pathway curves around to the right head is a stone bench next to a flag pole
The center of the room is a baby carriage and a bed in the far right hand corner. A cast iron stove is in the center
The corner of the inside of a wooden privy, the bench seat has a hole carved out in the center with a lid flipped up
The dining table sits in the center of the room a large fan with two blades sits on the table top
The doorway leading back out to the second story landing and to the left of the door is a small chest of drawers
The doorway leading into a bedroom
The doorway leading into the dining room
The doorway leading into the kitchen. Against the wall on the left is a wooden chair
The doorway leading into the next room. To the left of it is a broom and a child's highchair
The doorway leading out of the privy
The doorway leading to the foyer ahead. Against the wall is a large Buffay. In the right hand corner of the room a wooden table with a drawer on the front of it set with three chairs
The entryway has a wooden floor, ahead in the floor is an air vent. The wallpaper is cream with gold pattern and a gold border by the ceiling. The doorway head leading into the parlor.
The foyer of the home has a rug running across the floor leading to the front door
The foyer of the home has a rug running through the center. A chair seated by a hat rack ahead. On the left the staircase leading up to the second story.
The front door is open and the screen door ahead leads out to the front porch.
The front of the school has some signage with information on a metal railing. Behind it is a teachers desk and some built-in cabinetry with books
The front porch of the home has four steps leading up to the deck
The grass easement before the street
The grass easement leading to the street there is a gravel path going over the ditch
The grassy yard behind the school. The school is white wood with black shutters on the windows.
The inside of a wooden building has worn paint and rough shelves on the wall stacked with leftover wood.
The inside of the wooden building painted white with a log as a seat in the corner and a pail on a shelf
The left seat in the privy is a short child seat, the hole is carved out of the top and a lid is flipped up
The parking lot for the museum to the right. On the sidewalk to the left is a large cannon, as wooden wheels as pointed towards the parking lot
The pathway curves around to the right on the left there is a stone bench in front of large stone tablets in the grass
The second floor landing has two doorways in the far wall leading to bedrooms
The second floor landing. On the right the railing over the staircase.
The side of a white two-story wooden home has four windows and a stone foundation
The side yard has a shrub ahead and a tree in the distance. The yard curves up to a hill where the root cellar is beneath
The side yard is a grassy lawn, a tree ahead near the sidewalk
The sidewalk leading back to the Pershing home
The stone pathway curves around to the right the statue is in the center
The walkway connects via a ramp to an elevated deck. Two doors ahead
The wall has white wallpaper with a gold repeating pattern and small yellow flowers.
The wallpaper is white with a blue repeating pattern and a blue border along the ceiling. A cast-iron stove is in the center of the wall in the right corner there is a baby cradle and a chair next to it
The wooden front porch of the house. On the right there are two windows
The yard has a brick pathway leading on the left to a pump for water. straightahead the pathway leading to a small white wooden building and a tree next to it.
There are four steps leading up to the porch from a brick walkway leading to the sidewalk
There is a cast-iron stove in the center of the room with the rocking chair to the right of it the closet is in the corner
Three rocking chairs are to the right in the corner there is a table in the center of the room with the leaves folded down. Several objects are set on the table including a Bible
To the left is a large couch with a convertible wooden frame to extend it into a daybed. In the center of the room is a table with two leaves folded down
A bed against the far wall in the corner with a lace cover an end table under the window
A bed against the wall laid with a lace cover, a woman's dress and gloves are laid out on top of the bed. There is a wardrobe in the far right corner of the room
A doorway on the far wall leading to the exterior. Underneath the window ahead is a wash table with bowls. To the right doorway leading to the back exterior
A gravel path leading around the stone garden to the right
A gravel path leading back alongside the school on your left
A sidewalk leading to the road. To the right is a large wooden sign with General John J. Pershing boyhood home state historic site
A sidewalk leads off into an intersection
A sidewalk runs straightahead on the right is the street to the left General Pershing's boyhood home and a sign standing in the yard on the left.
A stone bench and to the left a flag pole
A wooden walkway leading up to Prairie Mountain school. There is a sign in the grass on the right hand side
Across the yard a statue monument and American flag are surrounded by stone tablets
Ahead under the window is a green couch and in the corner a matching upholstered armchair. Hanging on the wall or two portraits with round frames
An intersection ahead, the cross traffic does not stop
An open sidewalk. To the left is a sign in the grass about the monument
Hat rack in the corner to the right and the chair ahead. The banister from the staircase wraps up to the right
In the center of the room is a round table set with a base. Ahead there's a couch against the left wall and a piano opposite.
In the center of the room is a round table set with a vase. On the right wall is a piano with a large landscape portrait above it. A bay window ahead has a small end table and a lamp
In the corner is a wooden pantry cabinet. There are various pots bowls and objects in the cabinet, hanging from the door is a feather duster. On the right wall a door leading out the back exterior
Several
benches behind velvet rope and stanchions
Some students benches and a slate chalkboard leaning against the wall
The back of the home has a brick patio leading out from the back door. There's one step up to the back door. Ahead are the doors to the root cellar.
The brick pathway between shrubs leading to the sidewalk
The brick pathway curves to the left there is a stone bench in front of stone tablets in the grass
The bronze monument in the center of a grassy patch
The bronze statue from the side
The door leading into the kitchen
The door way back up to the second floor landing. There is a small chest of drawers to the left
The doorway back into the foyer
The doorway leading back into the dining room. In the corner there is a coffee can with a hinged lid
The doorway leading back into the foyer
The doorway leading back into the foyer
The doorway leading back out to the front deck
The doorway leading back out to the second floor landing is on the left. Ahead is a baby crib against the wall and a large wardrobe on the right hand side
The doorway leading out of the privy.
The doorway leading to the foyer
The fireplace has a large mantle with a clock on top of it there are recessed portions to the wall on either side with a small end table and lamp on the left and a green armchair on the right
The fireplace is on the far wall with a clock set on the mantle
The front door of the house has a screen door. The doorbell is to the right
The front of General Pershing's boyhood home. The white wood two-story house has a front porch. There is a brick pathway leading up to the front door and three steps up to the porch
The front of the general Pershing museum. To the right of the door is a large insignia with an image of General Pershing and some poppies
The front yard of the school with shrubs and grass up against the deck. There's a tree on the left a head there's a sidewalk with two steps leading to a gravel path
The handicap accessible ramp and deck are off the back door of the house. Beyond it is a white wooden small building. Brick pathways lead to each
The inside of the wooden building has chipping paint. In the corner is a machine with a wheel on a stand
The parking lot leading across to the poppy garden
The parking lot on the left and the museum to the right
The parlor has green wallpaper with a vertical stripe running down it and a repeating pattern of a flower. There's a green couch against the wall under the window opposite. A fireplace to the left
The sidewalk is clear and has grass to either side. The street is on the left ahead is an intersection
The sidewalk leading to the Pershing home. There's a tree on the left in the easement before the street
The staircase leading down to the first floor. It wraps around to the left
The wooden walkway leading to the sidewalk
The yard of the school has landscaping up near the deck with flowers and shrubbery
Two beds on either side of a window a small end table and child sized rocking chair or in front of the window
General John J. Pershing Boyhood Home State Historic Site
House Details
• Square Feet: 3,800
• Rooms: 11 and a walk-in attic
• Privy (Outhouse): 3-hole
• Stories: 2
• Year Built: 1858
• Cost in 1866: $4000
• Original Power Source: Wood-burning stoves, fireplaces, candles and oil lamps
• Materials: Wood and native limestone
General John J. Pershing Boyhood Home State Historic Site
House Details
• Square Feet: 3,800
• Rooms: 11 and a walk-in attic
• Privy (Outhouse): 3-hole
• Stories: 2
• Year Built: 1858
• Cost in 1866: $4000
• Original Power Source: Wood-burning stoves, fireplaces, candles and oil lamps
• Materials: Wood and native limestone
•
Prairie Mound School
Prairie Mound School was built in 1874 and originally located nine miles south of Laclede. As a boy, John attended school in Laclede, but as a young man, he taught in this rural, one-room schoolhouse. When John taught here after receiving his teaching certificate, he earned $30 a month. With the threat of demolition, in 1986, the Pershing Park Memorial Association purchased and relocated the school to the Pershing Boyhood Home State Historic Site grounds. Today the school stands as a reminder of John’s humble beginnings.
Prairie Mound School
Prairie Mound School was built in 1874 and originally located nine miles south of Laclede. As a boy, John attended school in Laclede, but as a young man, he taught in this rural, one-room schoolhouse. When John taught here after receiving his teaching certificate, he earned $30 a month. With the threat of demolition, in 1986, the Pershing Park Memorial Association purchased and relocated the school to the Pershing Boyhood Home State Historic Site grounds. Today the school stands as a reminder of John’s humble beginnings.
The Poppy Garden
The Poppy Garden, also known as the First World War Commemorative Garden, represents the last and reflective years of General John Pershing’s life. John retired from the military in 1924, after serving for 42 years and receiving the rank of General of the Armies, but he remained active. In 1923, President Harding appointed Pershing to the newly formed American Battle Monuments Commission. He was elected as chairman, a position he held until his death in 1948. Each flowerbed in the garden contains soil from eight American Battle Monuments Commission WWI battlefield cemeteries in France, Belgium and England. In WWI, 116,515 Americans lost their lives, including 11,172 Missourians. The remains of 42,000 Americans returned to the U.S. for burial, while about 35,000 soldiers, sailors, Marines and members of the Coast Guard were interred in ABMC cemeteries, 957 of who were from Missouri. Pershing’s credo that “Time will not dim the glory of their deeds, lest we forget” became the Commission’s mission and motto.
The Poppy Garden
The Poppy Garden, also known as the First World War Commemorative Garden, represents the last and reflective years of General John Pershing’s life. John retired from the military in 1924, after serving for 42 years and receiving the rank of General of the Armies, but he remained active. In 1923, President Harding appointed Pershing to the newly formed American Battle Monuments Commission. He was elected as chairman, a position he held until his death in 1948. Each flowerbed in the garden contains soil from eight American Battle Monuments Commission WWI battlefield cemeteries in France, Belgium and England. In WWI, 116,515 Americans lost their lives, including 11,172 Missourians. The remains of 42,000 Americans returned to the U.S. for burial, while about 35,000 soldiers, sailors, Marines and members of the Coast Guard were interred in ABMC cemeteries, 957 of who were from Missouri. Pershing’s credo that “Time will not dim the glory of their deeds, lest we forget” became the Commission’s mission and motto.
Ann Elizabeth (Thompson) Pershing, (1835-1902)
Ann was born in Blount County, Tennessee. In 1859, she married John Fletcher Pershing, and soon after the couple moved near Laclede, Missouri. The following year, the couple lived with four Irish laborers and a teenage girl, and had their first child, John Joseph. Ann gave birth to nine children while living in Laclede, but only six survived to adulthood. On Nov. 26, 1902, Ann died at the age of 67 while living in Chicago. Image from The Story of General Pershing, by Everett T. Tomlinson, courtesy of the Library of Congress.
Ann Elizabeth (Thompson) Pershing, (1835-1902)
Ann was born in Blount County, Tennessee. In 1859, she married John Fletcher Pershing, and soon after the couple moved near Laclede, Missouri. The following year, the couple lived with four Irish laborers and a teenage girl, and had their first child, John Joseph. Ann gave birth to nine children while living in Laclede, but only six survived to adulthood. On Nov. 26, 1902, Ann died at the age of 67 while living in Chicago. Image from The Story of General Pershing, by Everett T. Tomlinson, courtesy of the Library of Congress.
John Joseph Pershing, (1860-1948)
In 1860, John was born near Laclede, Missouri, and was the oldest son of John F. and Ann Pershing. At the age of six, he moved into this house with his parents and two siblings. After the family lost their investments during the financial Panic of 1873, John and his brother began running the farm. John wanted to attend Missouri University and study law, but because of the family’s poor financial state, he decided on the Kirksville Normal School (now Truman State University) for teaching. John taught at the local Black school, Sunday school and Prairie Mound to save money for his teaching certificate, which he received in 1880. After earning his certificate, John continued teaching at Prairie Mound until he applied to take an entrance exam into the United States Military Academy at West Point. In 1882, he entered West Point and four years later, he graduated and was assigned to the 6th Calvary on the Great Plains. This marked the beginning of John’s remarkable 42-year military career. According to oral history, Ann Pershing sewed this crazy quilt. It contains a patch embroidered with an American flag and the date 1886, the same year John graduated from West Point. Image from The Story of General Pershing, by Everett T. Tomlinson, courtesy of the Library of Congress.
John Joseph Pershing, (1860-1948)
In 1860, John was born near Laclede, Missouri, and was the oldest son of John F. and Ann Pershing. At the age of six, he moved into this house with his parents and two siblings. After the family lost their investments during the financial Panic of 1873, John and his brother began running the farm. John wanted to attend Missouri University and study law, but because of the family’s poor financial state, he decided on the Kirksville Normal School (now Truman State University) for teaching. John taught at the local Black school, Sunday school and Prairie Mound to save money for his teaching certificate, which he received in 1880. After earning his certificate, John continued teaching at Prairie Mound until he applied to take an entrance exam into the United States Military Academy at West Point. In 1882, he entered West Point and four years later, he graduated and was assigned to the 6th Calvary on the Great Plains. This marked the beginning of John’s remarkable 42-year military career. According to oral history, Ann Pershing sewed this crazy quilt. It contains a patch embroidered with an American flag and the date 1886, the same year John graduated from West Point. Image from The Story of General Pershing, by Everett T. Tomlinson, courtesy of the Library of Congress.
Boys’ Bedroom
John and Ann Pershing had three sons John J., James and Ward and one, Fredrick, who died in infancy. About 16 months after their first child John J., they had their second son, James. Next came their three daughters Mary, May and Grace, a set of twins they lost, and then Ward, 14 years younger than John. After the family lost their investments during the financial Panic of 1873, John and James ran the farm together. While John chose education then military, as a young man James moved to Chicago and worked in the garment industry. In 1884, while living in Chicago, he married Jessie Jackson, and they had three children. In 1896, youngest brother Ward graduated from the University of Chicago and enlisted in the Army in 1898. In 1907, Ward retired from the military after contracting tuberculosis, married the following year, then died in 1908 at the age of 35. In the early 1920s, James moved to New York City, where he remained until his death in 1933.
Boys’ Bedroom
John and Ann Pershing had three sons John J., James and Ward and one, Fredrick, who died in infancy. About 16 months after their first child John J., they had their second son, James. Next came their three daughters Mary, May and Grace, a set of twins they lost, and then Ward, 14 years younger than John. After the family lost their investments during the financial Panic of 1873, John and James ran the farm together. While John chose education then military, as a young man James moved to Chicago and worked in the garment industry. In 1884, while living in Chicago, he married Jessie Jackson, and they had three children. In 1896, youngest brother Ward graduated from the University of Chicago and enlisted in the Army in 1898. In 1907, Ward retired from the military after contracting tuberculosis, married the following year, then died in 1908 at the age of 35. In the early 1920s, James moved to New York City, where he remained until his death in 1933.
Coal-Burning Stove
Cast-iron stoves served as a cooking appliance and source of heat. The stove’s design concentrated the heat for cooking and came equipped with a temperature gauge. This particular stove is made to burn coal, which burned longer than wood and was readily available in the area, from Illinois mines. Companies delivered coal directly into the basement, through the coal shoot, and residents shoveled the coal into a chamber inside the stove and later emptied it to remove the ash. While an effective source of heat, coal burning also has negative environmental effects, which compelled the City of St. Louis to pass the first smoke ordinance in 1867 to minimize the air pollution. For decades the city struggled with air quality, even experiencing a black out in 1939. During the 1940s, the development of centralized, alternative power sources largely eliminated the need for individual coal-burning stoves.
Coal-Burning Stove
Cast-iron stoves served as a cooking appliance and source of heat. The stove’s design concentrated the heat for cooking and came equipped with a temperature gauge. This particular stove is made to burn coal, which burned longer than wood and was readily available in the area, from Illinois mines. Companies delivered coal directly into the basement, through the coal shoot, and residents shoveled the coal into a chamber inside the stove and later emptied it to remove the ash. While an effective source of heat, coal burning also has negative environmental effects, which compelled the City of St. Louis to pass the first smoke ordinance in 1867 to minimize the air pollution. For decades the city struggled with air quality, even experiencing a black out in 1939. During the 1940s, the development of centralized, alternative power sources largely eliminated the need for individual coal-burning stoves.
Coal-Burning Stove
Cast-iron stoves served as a cooking appliance and source of heat. The stove’s design concentrated the heat for cooking and came equipped with a temperature gauge. This particular stove is made to burn coal, which burned longer than wood and was readily available in the area, from Illinois mines. Companies delivered coal directly into the basement, through the coal shoot, and residents shoveled the coal into a chamber inside the stove and later emptied it to remove the ash. While an effective source of heat, coal burning also has negative environmental effects, which compelled the City of St. Louis to pass the first smoke ordinance in 1867 to minimize the air pollution. For decades the city struggled with air quality, even experiencing a black out in 1939. During the 1940s, the development of centralized, alternative power sources largely eliminated the need for individual coal-burning stoves.
Coal-Burning Stove
Cast-iron stoves served as a cooking appliance and source of heat. The stove’s design concentrated the heat for cooking and came equipped with a temperature gauge. This particular stove is made to burn coal, which burned longer than wood and was readily available in the area, from Illinois mines. Companies delivered coal directly into the basement, through the coal shoot, and residents shoveled the coal into a chamber inside the stove and later emptied it to remove the ash. While an effective source of heat, coal burning also has negative environmental effects, which compelled the City of St. Louis to pass the first smoke ordinance in 1867 to minimize the air pollution. For decades the city struggled with air quality, even experiencing a black out in 1939. During the 1940s, the development of centralized, alternative power sources largely eliminated the need for individual coal-burning stoves.
Fluting Iron
The fluting iron is a cast-iron tool used to put fluted ruffles, or pleats, in collars, cuffs and dress trimmings. It consists of a base that is flat on one side, with a series of grooves on the other, and a handheld press with corresponding grooves. In order to use the iron, both pieces were heated with fire and using a rocking motion, fabric was pressed between the two pieces.
Fluting Iron
The fluting iron is a cast-iron tool used to put fluted ruffles, or pleats, in collars, cuffs and dress trimmings. It consists of a base that is flat on one side, with a series of grooves on the other, and a handheld press with corresponding grooves. In order to use the iron, both pieces were heated with fire and using a rocking motion, fabric was pressed between the two pieces.
Girls’ Bedroom
For centuries before indoor plumbing, people of different cultures have used the chamber pot to avoid going outside at night. Emptying the chamber pot was a daily chore and normal part of life. By the 1930s, indoor plumbing that consisted of running water and toilets was becoming standard in middle-class American homes. However, the working class continued to use wells or cisterns for water and privies, or outhouses, for toilets. Even by the 1950s, some neighborhoods still did not have indoor plumbing, and according to surveys, at that time over 50% of Joplin’s Midtown neighborhood had no indoor plumbing. This contributed to the removal of Mill Creek Valley in the same decade.
Girls’ Bedroom
John and Ann Pershing had three daughters Mary, May and Grace, and twin girls who died shortly after birth. In 1882, eldest daughter Mary married D.M. Butler and that year they moved to Nebraska, when he purchased the Osceola Record. Mary worked as an editor for a legal paper and newspaper. Born just a few years after Mary, May attended the University of Lincoln, graduated from the Chicago Conservatory of Music and never married. Just two years younger than May, Grace, married Lt. Richard Paddock in 1890 in her parents’ Lincoln, Nebraska, home. The couple had two children and resided in Chicago. In 1901, while on duty in China, Richard died. Three years later Grace succumbed to bone cancer at the age of 34, leaving behind her two young children. In 1910, D.M. Butler died, and Mary, May and Grace’s children were living together in Lincoln. After the 1915 fire that killed John’s wife and daughters, Mary and May also cared for John’s only surviving child, Warren. Mary died in 1928 and May stayed in Lincoln until 1945 when she moved to Washington, D.C., to be John’s companion until his death in 1948. She then returned to Lincoln to reside until her death in 1955.
Hair Wreath
A hair wreath is collection of hair strands that have been skillfully arranged in a decorative fashion. During the Victorian era, women commonly practiced the art of hair work. They created wreaths, jewelry and trinkets from the locks of deceased relatives, as a way of mourning and remembrance. However, women also used their own hair, that of friends and sometimes horsehair to complete intricate designs. Commonly, crafters formed wreaths into a horseshoe shape, attached them to a fabric backing and framed them for display. While some wreaths were kept as family heirlooms, women also sold wreaths, made custom wreaths, and entered their hair work into agricultural fair exhibitions across the country.
Hair Wreath
A hair wreath is collection of hair strands that have been skillfully arranged in a decorative fashion. During the Victorian era, women commonly practiced the art of hair work. They created wreaths, jewelry and trinkets from the locks of deceased relatives, as a way of mourning and remembrance. However, women also used their own hair, that of friends and sometimes horsehair to complete intricate designs. Commonly, crafters formed wreaths into a horseshoe shape, attached them to a fabric backing and framed them for display. While some wreaths were kept as family heirlooms, women also sold wreaths, made custom wreaths, and entered their hair work into agricultural fair exhibitions across the country.
John F. Pershing’s Postal Ledger, 1871-1872
John F. Pershing was appointed and served as the Laclede postmaster from 1865 to 1872. Postmaster was an important, well-respected role within the community. According to the 1852 Laws and Regulations for the Government of the Post Office Department, upon appointment to the position, postmasters had to take an oath of office and execute a bond. The bond guaranteed that the postmaster could financially compensate the post office for any loss that may occur because of their actions. Postmasters had several responsibilities that included receiving and sending mail, calculating postage prices, keeping records of the postage and money, keeping the office open during business hours Monday through Saturday, and sending quarterly financial reports to the Postmaster-General. Postmasters were paid quarterly, based on a sliding scale commission between 12.5% and 40%, depending on the amount of letter postage sold. In 1871, John made $430 as postmaster.
John F. Pershing’s Postal Ledger, 1871-1872
John F. Pershing was appointed and served as the Laclede postmaster from 1865 to 1872. Postmaster was an important, well-respected role within the community. According to the 1852 Laws and Regulations for the Government of the Post Office Department, upon appointment to the position, postmasters had to take an oath of office and execute a bond. The bond guaranteed that the postmaster could financially compensate the post office for any loss that may occur because of their actions. Postmasters had several responsibilities that included receiving and sending mail, calculating postage prices, keeping records of the postage and money, keeping the office open during business hours Monday through Saturday, and sending quarterly financial reports to the Postmaster-General. Postmasters were paid quarterly, based on a sliding scale commission between 12.5% and 40%, depending on the amount of letter postage sold. In 1871, John made $430 as postmaster.
John Fletcher Pershing, (1834-1906)
John Fletcher was born to Joseph and Elizabeth Pershing in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. In 1859, he married Ann Thompson, and soon after the two moved near Laclede, Missouri and started their family. John worked as a foreman on the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad, that completed a railroad to Laclede in 1859, but John and Ann became wealthy from land speculation. They guessed that the newly formed town of Laclede would attract residents and businesses, so they purchased large sections of land that he rented or sold for a profit. John also owned and operated a general store, and served as the postmaster for several years. During the financial Panic of 1873, the family lost all their investments except this house and 160 acres of farmland. Soon after, John ran a hotel out of their house and later took a traveling sales position. Around 1886, the family moved to Lincoln, Nebraska, then later to Chicago, Illinois. In 1906, John returned to Nebraska, and a week later died at the age of 72 at his daughter’s home.
John Fletcher Pershing, (1834-1906)
John Fletcher was born to Joseph and Elizabeth Pershing in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. In 1859, he married Ann Thompson, and soon after the two moved near Laclede, Missouri and started their family. John worked as a foreman on the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad, that completed a railroad to Laclede in 1859, but John and Ann became wealthy from land speculation. They guessed that the newly formed town of Laclede would attract residents and businesses, so they purchased large sections of land that he rented or sold for a profit. John also owned and operated a general store, and served as the postmaster for several years. During the financial Panic of 1873, the family lost all their investments except this house and 160 acres of farmland. Soon after, John ran a hotel out of their house and later took a traveling sales position. Around 1886, the family moved to Lincoln, Nebraska, then later to Chicago, Illinois. In 1906, John returned to Nebraska, and a week later died at the age of 72 at his daughter’s home.
John J. Pershing Boyhood Home
In 1858, local doctor Nathaniel Harris constructed this 3,800 square foot, Gothic gingerbread-style house. The house has wood-platform framed walls, covered in clapboard siding, a cedar-shake roof and a native limestone foundation. It was heated with three brick, wood-burning fireplaces and stoves, and contains three bedrooms, two parlors, a dining room, serving room, kitchen pantry and storage room. In 1866, John Fletcher and Ann Pershing purchased the home for $4000 and moved in with their young sons John Joseph and James Fletcher, and daughter Mary Elizabeth. Young John Pershing known as, “Jack,” lived in the home from age six until the age of 21, when he left for West Point Military Academy and began his famed military career. In 1885, the family sold the house and moved to Lincoln, Nebraska.
John J. Pershing Boyhood Home
In 1858, local doctor Nathaniel Harris constructed this 3,800 square foot, Gothic gingerbread-style house. The house has wood-platform framed walls, covered in clapboard siding, a cedar-shake roof and a native limestone foundation. It was heated with three brick, wood-burning fireplaces and stoves, and contains three bedrooms, two parlors, a dining room, serving room, kitchen pantry and storage room. In 1866, John Fletcher and Ann Pershing purchased the home for $4000 and moved in with their young sons John Joseph and James Fletcher, and daughter Mary Elizabeth. Young John Pershing known as, “Jack,” lived in the home from age six until the age of 21, when he left for West Point Military Academy and began his famed military career. In 1885, the family sold the house and moved to Lincoln, Nebraska.
John J. Pershing’s Military Career
After John graduated from West Point in 1886, he was assigned to the 6th Calvary on the Great Plains. There he fought in several battles against American Indians and became known as a strong and capable leader. In 1891, he became the Professor of Military Science and Tactics at the University of Nebraska. Four years later, he was reassigned to the 10th Calvary, a Black regiment with white officers, called the Buffalo Soldiers. John commanded the 10th Calvary in Montana and later Cuba in the Spanish-American War, which earned him the nickname “Black Jack.” After the turn of the century, he led successful campaigns in the Philippines, went on assignment in Japan, pursued Poncho Villa in Mexico, led the American Expeditionary Force in France during WWI and received the highest military rank, General of the Armies. For the next five years, he served as the White House Chief of Staff and restructured the Army, until his retirement in 1924. Image courtesy of the Library of Congress.
John J. Pershing’s Military Career
After John graduated from West Point in 1886, he was assigned to the 6th Calvary on the Great Plains. There he fought in several battles against American Indians and became known as a strong and capable leader. In 1891, he became the Professor of Military Science and Tactics at the University of Nebraska. Four years later, he was reassigned to the 10th Calvary, a Black regiment with white officers, called the Buffalo Soldiers. John commanded the 10th Calvary in Montana and later Cuba in the Spanish-American War, which earned him the nickname “Black Jack.” After the turn of the century, he led successful campaigns in the Philippines, went on assignment in Japan, pursued Poncho Villa in Mexico, led the American Expeditionary Force in France during WWI and received the highest military rank, General of the Armies. For the next five years, he served as the White House Chief of Staff and restructured the Army, until his retirement in 1924. Image courtesy of the Library of Congress.
John J. Pershing’s Personal Life
While on assignment in Washington D.C., Pershing met Helen Francis Warren, the daughter of a Wyoming senator. In 1905, John, 45, and Helen, 25, married, and soon after moved to the Philippines, where they lived until 1908 when they returned to the United States. In 1914, the couple, along with their four children, moved to California, where John commanded the Presidio Army post. The following year, he went to Fort Bliss on assignment, and while away, the family’s home caught fire, killing Helen and their three daughters. The only survivor was their five-year-old son Warren, who stayed with John’s sister May. Warren graduated Yale University and following his father’s example, he enlisted into the Army during World War II. While in France during World War I, Pershing met artist Micheline Resco, who was commissioned to paint his portrait. Micheline, 36 years younger than Pershing, returned with him to the United States and for nearly three decades, the two maintained an unpublicized relationship. In 1946, they married in Pershing’s Walter Reed Hospital suite, two years before his death.
John J. Pershing’s Personal Life
While on assignment in Washington D.C., Pershing met Helen Francis Warren, the daughter of a Wyoming senator. In 1905, John, 45, and Helen, 25, married, and soon after moved to the Philippines, where they lived until 1908 when they returned to the United States. In 1914, the couple, along with their four children, moved to California, where John commanded the Presidio Army post. The following year, he went to Fort Bliss on assignment, and while away, the family’s home caught fire, killing Helen and their three daughters. The only survivor was their five-year-old son Warren, who stayed with John’s sister May. Warren graduated Yale University and following his father’s example, he enlisted into the Army during World War II. While in France during World War I, Pershing met artist Micheline Resco, who was commissioned to paint his portrait. Micheline, 36 years younger than Pershing, returned with him to the United States and for nearly three decades, the two maintained an unpublicized relationship. In 1946, they married in Pershing’s Walter Reed Hospital suite, two years before his death.
Kitchen
Typical for Victorians, the kitchen contains a wood-burning cook stove and dry sink. Before indoor plumbing, people used dry sinks for personal hygiene and washing dishes. Like many households, the Pershings had a well outside the house that provided them with water. In order to do the dishes, buckets of water were filled at the well, carried into the house, heated on the stove then poured into the washbasin that would later have to be emptied. Just beyond the exterior door, there is also a cellar likely used for food storage and storm protection.
Kitchen
Typical for Victorians, the kitchen contains a wood-burning cook stove and dry sink. Before indoor plumbing, people used dry sinks for personal hygiene and washing dishes. Like many households, the Pershings had a well outside the house that provided them with water. In order to do the dishes, buckets of water were filled at the well, carried into the house, heated on the stove then poured into the washbasin that would later have to be emptied. Just beyond the exterior door, there is also a cellar likely used for food storage and storm protection.
Parlor
The parlor was a formal space where the Pershings welcomed and entertained their guests. Often, families kept their most prized possessions and nicest décor in the parlor for their visitors to enjoy. Being a formal space, generally adults excluded children and expected them to play outside.
Parlor
The parlor was a formal space where the Pershings welcomed and entertained their guests. Often, families kept their most prized possessions and nicest décor in the parlor for their visitors to enjoy. Being a formal space, generally adults excluded children and expected them to play outside.
Pershing Memorial Museum and Leadership Archives
While the historic Pershing Boyhood Home and Prairie Mound School interpret John J. Pershing’s formative years, the modern museum and archives interpret his years in action. Beginning with his arrival to United States Military Academy at West Point, exhibits examine his extraordinary military career and his role in the American Indian Wars; Spanish-American War; Philippine Insurrection; Russo-Japanese War; Punitive Expedition pursuing Poncho Villa; and World War I. Telling the little-known histories of the so-called “Pershing Chinese” and “Hello Girls,” the Choctaw Code Talkers and the service of Black American combat troops in the French Army. The museum shows the evolution of military technology during Pershing’s career, from Missouri Mules to the Pershing tank and missile. Highlighting his dedication to military members, while the chair of the American Battle Monuments Commission, visitors can experience a World War I trench and learn about the 24th Infantry Buffalo Solider Bicycle Corps.
Pershing Memorial Museum and Leadership Archives
While the historic Pershing Boyhood Home and Prairie Mound School interpret John J. Pershing’s formative years, the modern museum and archives interpret his years in action. Beginning with his arrival to United States Military Academy at West Point, exhibits examine his extraordinary military career and his role in the American Indian Wars; Spanish-American War; Philippine Insurrection; Russo-Japanese War; Punitive Expedition pursuing Poncho Villa; and World War I. Telling the little-known histories of the so-called “Pershing Chinese” and “Hello Girls,” the Choctaw Code Talkers and the service of Black American combat troops in the French Army. The museum shows the evolution of military technology during Pershing’s career, from Missouri Mules to the Pershing tank and missile. Highlighting his dedication to military members, while the chair of the American Battle Monuments Commission, visitors can experience a World War I trench and learn about the 24th Infantry Buffalo Solider Bicycle Corps.
Site History
The General John J. Pershing Boyhood Home State Historic Site interprets the life of one of America’s most famous and impactful war heroes. His small-town upbringing supplied him with a work ethic that earned him the highest military rank his country had to offer - General of the Armies of the United States. John Joseph Pershing, throughout life known as "Jack," was born in 1860. The Pershing family moved into the house in Laclede when John was six and stayed there until 1885. As a young man, John earned his teaching certificate, taught at a local school and at the age of 21, began his 42-year military career. After his retirement in 1924, Pershing served as the American Battle Monuments Commission chairman until his death in 1948. In 1952, the state purchased the property from the Pershing Park Memorial Association to honor Gen. Pershing and the soldiers who fought under him in World War I. The Pershing Park Memorial Association, an ardent supporter, has been at the forefront of developing several of the site’s elements. The historic site also includes the Prairie Mound School, Wall of Honor, a commemorative poppy garden and the Pershing Memorial Museum and Leadership Archives.
Site History
The General John J. Pershing Boyhood Home State Historic Site interprets the life of one of America’s most famous and impactful war heroes. His small-town upbringing supplied him with a work ethic that earned him the highest military rank his country had to offer - General of the Armies of the United States. John Joseph Pershing, throughout life known as "Jack," was born in 1860. The Pershing family moved into the house in Laclede when John was six and stayed there until 1885. As a young man, John earned his teaching certificate, taught at a local school and at the age of 21, began his 42-year military career. After his retirement in 1924, Pershing served as the American Battle Monuments Commission chairman until his death in 1948. In 1952, the state purchased the property from the Pershing Park Memorial Association to honor Gen. Pershing and the soldiers who fought under him in World War I. The Pershing Park Memorial Association, an ardent supporter, has been at the forefront of developing several of the site’s elements. The historic site also includes the Prairie Mound School, Wall of Honor, a commemorative poppy garden and the Pershing Memorial Museum and Leadership Archives.
Smokehouse and Summer Kitchen
This building was used as a summer kitchen and a smokehouse. During the summer, it gave people a place to cook outside of the main house. This reduced the amount of heat, potential of a fire and food odors in the house. During the winter, it gave people a place to smoke and cure their meats. Its brick interior walls trapped the smoke, which helped preserve the meat so it could last for months without refrigeration.
Smokehouse and Summer Kitchen
This building was used as a summer kitchen and a smokehouse. During the summer, it gave people a place to cook outside of the main house. This reduced the amount of heat, potential of a fire and food odors in the house. During the winter, it gave people a place to smoke and cure their meats. Its brick interior walls trapped the smoke, which helped preserve the meat so it could last for months without refrigeration.
Victorian Gadgets
The Victorian era, which spans from about 1820 to 1914, roughly corresponds with Queen Victoria’s reign. During that time, Britain expanded their empire, industry, economy and middle class, and was the most powerful empire in the world. The United States witnessed similar growth and was influenced by Britain’s Victorian culture and values. Both countries were at the forefront of science and technology, and Victorians witnessed significant advances in transportation, communication, mass manufacturing and innovation. In a time before electricity and indoor running water, countless new domestic gadgets and tools became available in an attempt to make domestic life more comfortable. Two unique Victorian gadgets in the Pershing home are the shoo-fly fan and mustache cup. The shoo-fly fan has a wind-up mechanism in the base and could drive off flies for 30 to 45 minutes at a time. The mustache cup was designed to help fashionable men maintain their carefully groomed mustache styles, trendy at the time. Containing an inlaid ledge, the cup shielded the mustache from steam, liquids and droopiness.
Victorian Gadgets
The Victorian era, which spans from about 1820 to 1914, roughly corresponds with Queen Victoria’s reign. During that time, Britain expanded their empire, industry, economy and middle class, and was the most powerful empire in the world. The United States witnessed similar growth and was influenced by Britain’s Victorian culture and values. Both countries were at the forefront of science and technology, and Victorians witnessed significant advances in transportation, communication, mass manufacturing and innovation. In a time before electricity and indoor running water, countless new domestic gadgets and tools became available in an attempt to make domestic life more comfortable. Two unique Victorian gadgets in the Pershing home are the shoo-fly fan and mustache cup. The shoo-fly fan has a wind-up mechanism in the base and could drive off flies for 30 to 45 minutes at a time. The mustache cup was designed to help fashionable men maintain their carefully groomed mustache styles, trendy at the time. Containing an inlaid ledge, the cup shielded the mustache from steam, liquids and droopiness.
Wall of Honor
The Wall of Honor is a semicircle of granite tablets inscribed with the names of war veterans. These individuals served in a system and lived in a nation, profoundly affected by Pershing. From within the military, Pershing influenced global politics, U.S. military operations and American public policy. Over the course of his 42-year career, Pershing saw and helped the U.S. military adapt to the shifts in combat style and technology. His successful leadership in military campaigns helped position the U.S. as a world leader and his military knowledge helped develop the modern American army. In 1917, Pershing challenged the Chinese Exclusion Act when he asked Congress to allow 573 Chinese workers to cross the Mexican border into the U.S. to seek permanent asylum, which they granted. Later that year, he urged the War Department to hire French-speaking American women to operate the military phone lines in France. Although the Navy already recruited women, this was a first for the Army. Image courtesy of the Library of Congress.
Wall of Honor
The Wall of Honor is a semicircle of granite tablets inscribed with the names of war veterans. These individuals served in a system and lived in a nation, profoundly affected by Pershing. From within the military, Pershing influenced global politics, U.S. military operations and American public policy. Over the course of his 42-year career, Pershing saw and helped the U.S. military adapt to the shifts in combat style and technology. His successful leadership in military campaigns helped position the U.S. as a world leader and his military knowledge helped develop the modern American army. In 1917, Pershing challenged the Chinese Exclusion Act when he asked Congress to allow 573 Chinese workers to cross the Mexican border into the U.S. to seek permanent asylum, which they granted. Later that year, he urged the War Department to hire French-speaking American women to operate the military phone lines in France. Although the Navy already recruited women, this was a first for the Army. Image courtesy of the Library of Congress.