#: locale=en
## Action
### Text to Speech
TextToSpeechBehaviour_CCEB306D_15A7_36C3_41AB_35CBEF6C4E32.text = Next Pano
TextToSpeechBehaviour_C771E58A_15AF_DE41_416C_20AA7633BAED.text = Orient Leftwards
TextToSpeechBehaviour_C771058A_15AF_DE41_41A7_873F0AEF9FF9.text = Orient backwards
TextToSpeechBehaviour_C771D58A_15AF_DE41_41A3_17C081A79402.text = Orient frontwards
TextToSpeechBehaviour_C771658A_15AF_DE41_4195_76DFC07D4443.text = Orient rightwards
TextToSpeechBehaviour_C771558A_15AF_DE41_4187_3D3E6F39D586.text = Previous Pano
TextToSpeechBehaviour_89C927C0_A9D4_CAB3_41E2_76942061EA96.text = Scott Joplin House State Historic Site \
2658 Delmar Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63103 \
Office Number: 314-340-5790
TextToSpeechBehaviour_340AC867_BA74_C67D_41C6_172B5B19D3F5.text = Scott Joplin House State Historic Site \
2658 Delmar Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63103 \
Office Number: 314-340-5790
### URL
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LinkBehaviour_200C6C4A_3459_8707_416E_71DF459535EA.source = #
LinkBehaviour_B44A73DE_A9D4_4A4F_41D3_99642E09FC06.source = https://icampmo.usedirect.com/MSPWeb/Customers/ShoppingCart.aspx
LinkBehaviour_074B26C6_BBB4_4ABF_41B3_953A9841047A.source = https://icampmo.usedirect.com/MSPWeb/Customers/ShoppingCart.aspx
LinkBehaviour_10F53C4A_16BB_2EC1_41AC_3032DB54C674.source = https://mostateparks.com/page/mo-virtual-heritage
LinkBehaviour_B44FF3DB_A9D4_4A55_41E4_F85A4F67E1CC.source = https://mostateparks.com/page/mo-virtual-heritage
LinkBehaviour_89C9E7C0_A9D4_CAB3_41D4_D024960FA337.source = mailto:bothwell.lodge.state.historic.site@dnr.mo.gov
LinkBehaviour_340A4866_BA74_C67F_41DD_99FFE5AFEA29.source = mailto:bothwell.lodge.state.historic.site@dnr.mo.gov
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LinkBehaviour_340A9866_BA74_C67F_41AE_90188F78DACE.source = tel:6608373330
## Hotspot
### Text
HotspotPanoramaOverlayTextImage_AA304207_89CC_3F4B_41D4_AAAA521909A5.text = ENTER TOUR
HotspotPanoramaOverlayTextImage_635813AD_B9DC_4ACD_41D7_57534B24DFE5.text = To Arrow Rock
HotspotPanoramaOverlayTextImage_AAE13F87_8E4C_454B_41E2_8200400A64CA.text = To Brown’s Lodge
HotspotPanoramaOverlayTextImage_7C8D6BAD_B9DC_5ACD_41D5_B815FDBDEEF5.text = To Sappington African \
American Cemetery
HotspotPanoramaOverlayTextImage_7D1E66C1_B9D5_CAB5_41D6_75EA186E116C.text = To Sappington Cemetery
HotspotPanoramaOverlayTextImage_7CC3C470_B9DC_CE53_41B6_04FE2AFC12E3.text = To Sappington Cemetery
### Tooltip
HotspotMapOverlayArea_62B32324_63AC_56E2_41C1_E1064A41C12C.toolTip = Big Spring
HotspotMapOverlayArea_62B36893_63AC_D3A6_41BE_09A556189F9C.toolTip = Brown's Lodge
HotspotMapOverlayArea_62B3449E_63AC_D3DE_41D5_5D2CAB9FAA93.toolTip = Courthouse
HotspotMapOverlayArea_62B3993B_63AC_72E6_418B_91F062FEB462.toolTip = George Caleb Bingham House
HotspotMapOverlayArea_62B30456_63AC_52AE_41D3_94382E418AFA.toolTip = J. Huston Tavern
## Media
### Audio
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### Audio Subtitles
### Floorplan
### Image
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### Popup Image
### Title
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photo_20AF9631_3456_8305_41B9_D838278CAED1.label = #10 and #15 Bell Rope copy
photo_20AF9631_3456_8305_41B9_D838278CAED1.label = #10 and #15 Bell Rope copy
album_00D7DF4F_C8CA_D4AB_41D2_1932F4D703F8_0.label = #12 D.A.R. Kitchen
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photo_20B6B19E_35B6_813F_41A3_222F1289BA72.label = #19 Dr. John Sappington
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panorama_87E395D7_9FB0_D706_41E3_2D9217BFB571.label = Academy Boarding House
panorama_87E38D6D_9FB0_D70A_41D0_DEFBD8C6C4A5.label = Academy Boarding House
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album_038B746F_C8CF_556B_41DA_F03DF7F2FEE1.label = Academy Boarding House copy
video_F640C1F5_D57E_F790_41ED_F06C17E2E22F.label = Arrow Rock
panorama_87F232D0_9FB1_6D1A_41BF_746655CF29C1.label = Arrow Rock
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album_CF2E6CEA_BA74_5E77_41E5_65D8ED89AEAD_0.label = Arrow Rock Detailed Images-9
album_0A2B0D9C_C8FD_37AD_41E1_11CD0E04674C_0.label = Arrow Rock Ferry copy
map_62B28944_63AC_52A2_41C0_222A9EA9ED6A.label = Arrow Rock Map
album_076C58B7_C8FB_3DFB_41DE_A06053695851_0.label = Arrow Rock Map copy
album_076C58B7_C8FB_3DFB_41DE_A06053695851.label = Arrow Rock Map copy
panorama_87E1B3B2_9FB1_B31E_41D5_9D8C6EE211AC.label = Ballroom
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album_CF05FA1F_BA74_45CD_41E3_64975D419B63.label = Bell Rope
album_FA8A78DC_B9CB_5DAD_41D5_D21B4E07A83A.label = Big Spring
panorama_87E123CB_9FB0_F30E_41D4_FC29CDBAA95A.label = Big Spring
panorama_87E0C66D_9FB0_D50A_41D6_04227CD03EB2.label = Big Spring
panorama_87944CF3_9FBF_551E_41DD_96F6D23179D7.label = Big Spring
album_00A9DC74_C8F5_557D_41E5_DB07CE18A698.label = Brown's Lodge
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album_CF2E6CEA_BA74_5E77_41E5_65D8ED89AEAD.label = Butter Mold
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album_0A82F80B_C8FD_5CAB_41E2_332E99293B74_0.label = Cumberland Gap
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album_00FE7664_C8F5_349D_41C9_9D9CDF41108D.label = Dr. Matthew Hall
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album_00FE7664_C8F5_349D_41C9_9D9CDF41108D_0.label = Dr. Matthew Hall copy
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album_069B6398_C8FA_D3B5_41D2_557A23EA1764.label = Family Life on the Frontier
album_04D6B9F6_C8F6_FF7D_416F_C08D9629B6AD.label = George C. Bingham
panorama_87E77A9C_9FB7_7D0A_41B9_9408A0ACFD82.label = George Caleb Bingham House
panorama_87E0A115_9FB7_6F1A_41D2_6FDB4A447D21.label = George Caleb Bingham House
album_0018A425_C8CD_549F_41D0_5A8DC54A1F03.label = J. Huston Taven copy
panorama_AA3CF93C_8E35_CDBD_41E2_5227A585B282.label = J. Huston Tavern
album_CF025254_BA74_CA53_41DC_4E746CD56457.label = Joseph Huston
panorama_87E14A90_9FB1_FD1A_41B1_F02F59583974.label = Judge's Bedroom
panorama_EFE19D29_313C_86C6_41C1_0D6B8DDAC46E.label = Kitchen
panorama_AAFB6D47_8E3C_C5CB_41D1_A8833730FC48.label = Master Bedroom
panorama_87E33F08_9FB3_730A_41D2_CC43DD073B9C.label = Mercantile
panorama_87E0DD2C_9FB0_D70B_41CD_B59261ECDD23.label = Mercantile
panorama_80148475_B8FD_557F_41DF_B202C1AA697A.label = Missouri River
panorama_E019F2AE_316C_83DA_41C3_AA49770EB08B.label = Parlor
panorama_E142B3C5_315F_814E_41A2_99D0F8158EFE.label = Parlor
album_F626E9A1_D502_B7B0_41B5_EC0C5D0BB706.label = Photo Album #1 Big Spring
album_CF66BF25_BA74_5BFD_41CD_652740A0E474.label = Photo Album Arrow Rock Detailed Images-13
album_CF6A09F8_BA7B_C653_41AE_3F9D1BA9154E.label = Photo Album Sappington Cemetary
panorama_87E094F9_9FB1_750A_41BC_93DFDFBAEC8E.label = Sappington African American Cemetery SHS
panorama_87E0F852_9FB0_BD1E_41E1_2139D716780A.label = Sappington African American Cemetery SHS
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panorama_87E0AA3C_9FB0_DD0A_41DE_29A9D46E4374.label = Sappington Cemetery SHS
panorama_87E141B2_9FB1_6F1E_41D4_F73DD9970EFF.label = Second Floor
album_032D8991_C8D5_3FB7_41B1_779E0CA5D0B5_0.label = Site History, Plat Map
album_032D8991_C8D5_3FB7_41B1_779E0CA5D0B5.label = Site History, Plat Map
album_CF45CF76_BA75_DA5F_41E3_48F5AC737A68.label = Six Spice
panorama_87E15936_9FB0_BF06_41B9_55153FE736AF.label = Staircase
album_CF2FDDFA_BA74_5E57_41E2_252565E8F455.label = Stone Gutters
panorama_87E2F695_9FB1_751A_41E1_32C8C9EC7CE4.label = Stone Jail
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album_03E324E8_C8CE_D595_4198_93CC3AB88049.label = Stone Jail copy
album_022B33C8_C8D5_3395_41E5_0A74304424F0_0.label = Stump Speaking
album_022B33C8_C8D5_3395_41E5_0A74304424F0.label = Stump Speaking
album_069B6398_C8FA_D3B5_41D2_557A23EA1764_0.label = Tag #22 Family Life on the Frontier copy
album_01786190_C8CD_EFB5_41E4_91F991BA2484_0.label = Three Missouri Governors copy
album_01786190_C8CD_EFB5_41E4_91F991BA2484.label = Three Missouri Governors copy
panorama_87E14C36_9FB1_7506_41CB_1BF7A89D8A13.label = Travelers' Room
### Video
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### Video Subtitles
## Skin
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### Label
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Label_B44B03DF_A9D4_4A4D_41A0_09B97178DF27.text = Language
Label_B44BA3DF_A9D4_4A4D_4194_4240FEAB24C8.text = Site History
Label_B44B83DF_A9D4_4A4D_41D1_821DC25294FB.text = Tour Stops
### Multiline Text
HTMLText_89C987C0_A9D4_CAB3_41A9_0433CFBCE610.html = CONTACT
Arrow Rock State Historic Site
39521 Visitor Center Drive, Arrow Rock, MO 65320
Office Number: 660-837-3330
CONTACT
Arrow Rock State Historic Site
39521 Visitor Center Drive, Arrow Rock, MO 65320
Office Number: 660-837-3330
2 chairs, 2 sunlit windows and a wood cabinet on the left, a staircase leading down and a bell rope from ceiling to floor on the right, an doorway to another room straight ahead.
3 sunlit windows with a few wood chairs, tables and a single bed.
3 wood chairs, and 1 rocking chair on the left, 2 wood chairs and a spinning wheel on the right. A brick fireplace with a white mantle and a clock sitting on top, flanked by 2 sunlit windows.
4 stairs leading to closed blue door left, dining tables and chairs center, open doorway leading to another room back center.
4 steps up leading to an doorway to another room on the left, a white wall with a circuit breaker panel, double lightswitch and a window with a white curtain on the right.
5 concrete steps leading straight up to 4 wooden stairs continuing up to a small wooden brown building with a small porch, flanked by trees and green foliage.
A 2-story white building with a small wooden porch in the center of a grassy lawn, a sign with the number 7 on the right, a paved road on the far right, trees off in the short distance.
A barrel with brooms on far left, open doorway left center, a barrel with flowers on top, tables, cabinets to the right.
A bird's eye view of a forested area with a paved road running horizontal between buildings.
A bird's eye view of a forested area, a paved road runs vertically with buildings on the left.
A bird's eye view of trees a road runs left to right
A bird's eye view of trees and a road runs off into the distance on the right
A birds eye view of 2 paved roads intersecting. Grass and trees on all 4 corners, a large house across the street on the left, a small building across the street on the right.
A birds eye view of paved road running up and down with 2 white cars parked, trees and grass to the left and right, small, brown wooden building on the right.
A birds eye view of trees and partially visible roads and buildings
A birds eye view of trees and river
A birds eye view of trees and river
A birds eye view, paved road on the bottom right with 2 white cars parked, grass and trees on the upper left.
A brick building on the far left, a brick sidewalk that abruptly ends at center, a sign with the number 9, a paved road runs straight ahead on the far right, a gray building with a brick chimney on the distant left side.
A brick building with blonde wood steps leading up to a white front door on the left, green grass and trees at center and right.
A brick path runs straight ahead to a white building, flanked by trees and grass, a red and black sign on the right.
A door on left, 2 gray chairs and a small open top wood bucket at center, sunlit window on the right.
A door on the left, doorway to another room on the right,
A doorway to a bedroom on the left, a small table with an oil burning lamp in the center, 4 steps leading up to an doorway to another room on the right.
A gray sidewalk runs straight ahead, grass and trees to the left with a black and red sign, paved road to the right, brick buildings straight ahead.
A gray sidewalk runs straight ahead, paved road to the left, sidewalk and road flanked by grass and trees.
A kitchen with wood tables, a wood shelf with cooking utensils, a wooden bench at center, a closed door right.
A large double decker bed on the left, an open doorway leading to another room straight ahead at back center of room, a staircase leading down on the right.
A large open room with wood floors, yellow walls, a small table and chair on the left, 2 open doorways in the center, 3 wood chairs beneath 2 framed portraits on the right.
A large wood cabinet with plates and bowls on far left, a large open doorway at the center back of the room, another open doorway to the right, a large table with a bowl of apples and a pie in the center of the room, a portrait of a woman hanging on the right back of the room.
A long room with wood floors and yellow walls, 2 sunlit windows on the left, with wood tables and chairs along the wall, 3 sunlit windows and wood chairs on the back wall, 2 open doorways on the right wall. 2 hanging chandeliers with electric candles lit up.
A paved road runs left to right, a building with storefronts across the street, grass and trees to the right.
A paved road runs straight ahead, grass and trees and a partially visible building on the left of the road, grass, trees and a white building on the right side of the road.
A paved road runs straight ahead, grass and trees to the left and right, a small brick sidewalk on the right, buildings on the right and left up ahead.
A paved road runs to the right, trees and grass across on the other side.
A red building with a white door on the left, a gravel road runs to a paved road at center, grass and trees.
A red building with an open doorway leading to the inside from a wooden porch.
A room with blue trim, a wood table and cabinet on the left, an open doorway center left, four stairs leading up to a closed blue door at center right, an open doorway leading to another room with table and chairs on the far right.
A room with tables set for dining, a blue door at center flanked by sunlit windows, brick fireplace with blue mantle and framed portrait hanging above on the far right.
A single bed with white sheets in front of 2 sunlit windows with white curtains, a small wooden table with oil burning lantern on the right.
A single bed with white sheets near the corner of the room with a small wood table with oil burning lantern on the left and a small wood chair on the right.
A small table with a pot on it on the left, the foot of a single bed with white sheets on the right, a coat hanger on the wall at center back, 2 sunlit windows with white curtains a the back of the room.
A small wooden bridge, a very shallow creek, 2 small trees and a paved road leading to the right.
A small wooden bridge, a very shallow creek, several small trees.
A spinning wheel on the front left, a sunlit window with 2 wood chairs on the left, 4 framed portraits in the center of the back wall, flanked by 2 sunlit windows, a small table and 2 wooden chairs in front of the window
A staircase leading down and a bell rope from floor to ceiling on the left, a bed in the center, a doorway to another room at the back right.
A sunlit window with wood chairs on the left, 2 doorways on the center wall, with a framed portrait hung between.
A very small white building in the center of a grassy field with trees.
A white room with wood floors, a sunlit window above a small wood table on the left, a wooden armoire cabinet at left center, a red brick fireplace with a wooden mantle at center, and a sunlit window to the right.
A window with a white curtain upper-left-center, a long staircase going down in the center, a hallway leading back to a closed door on the far right.
An attic style room with worn chipping white paint, white railing, a wooden table with an oil burning lantern, a wooden chair, an old fireplace, bright sunlit windows.
An open doorway at the back center of the room, the foot of a single bed on the left, a small table with a pot on it on the right.
Attic style room with worn chipping white paint, 5 wooden chairs surrounding a bright sunlit window, a small wooden table with an oil burning lantern.
Birds eye view of paved road running diagonally, grass and trees to the left of the road, grass, trees and a large house to the right of the road.
Brick path runs slightly to the right flanked by grass and trees and leading to a brick building, grass straight ahead leading to bigger buildings, grass and trees to the left.
Corner of room, yellow bar on the left with shelves behind it, sunlit windows on a white wall to the right.
Doorway to another room on the left, a wood chair and bookshelf cabinet at center, a small wood table on right.
Doorway to dining area with tables and chairs to the left, wall with a framed painting of a building on the right.
Green grass and trees in front of a partially visible building.
Large Headstone for Governor Claiborne Fox Jackson surrounded by grass and trees
Large Headstone for Governor Claiborne Fox Jackson on the right, other headstones surrounded by grass and trees
Paved road with storefront brick building on the left, another brick building on the right.
Paved road with storefront brick building on the left, another brick building, trees, a small bench on the right.
Small headstones surrounded by grass and trees
Small headstones surrounded by grass and trees
Small headstones surrounded by grass and trees
Small headstones surrounded by grass and trees.
Small white room with closed white door at center.
Small white room with open doorway leading to another room with wooden table, staircase leading up to the right.
Small white room with staircase leading up and to the right on the left hand side, a closed white door at center right, and an open doorway at front right.
Some headstones surrounded by grass and trees
Stone arch on the right above a grave marker, surrounded by grass and trees
Sunlit window to the left, a green box with firewood at left center, a large closed door at center right, a brick fireplace with black cauldron at front right.
Three stone headstones surrounded by trees, grass and smaller headstones.
White picket fence in front of a greenhouse with an american flag and another flag hanging by the front door on the left, a gravel road runs straight ahead, grass and trees to the right of the road
a bird's eye view of a forested area with a paved road running vertically center, some smaller roads to the left and right and buildings scattered about.
a bird's eye view of a forested area with roads and buildings scattered about.
a birds eye view of green trees, grass, a few buildings and a road. A red building is seen in the left center
a brick fireplace with black cauldron and teapot hanging inside on the left, a cabinet with plates and bowls to the right.
a doorway to another room at the left, a dining area center, a long staircase leading up on the front right.
a few headstones in grass and trees with a wood fence surrounding the cemetary, a forward facing key to enter/move forward.
a few headstones in grass and trees with a wood fence surrounding the cemetary.
a few headstones in grass and trees with a wood fence surrounding the cemetary.
a few headstones in grass and trees with a wood fence surrounding the cemetery,
a few headstones in grass and trees with a wood fence surrounding the cemetery
a few headstones surrounded by grass and trees with a wood fence surrounding the cemetery,
a few headstones surrounded by grass and trees with a wood fence surrounding the cemetery.
a few headstones surrounded by grass and trees with a wood fence surrounding the cemetery.
a few headstones surrounded by grass and trees with a wood fence surrounding the cemetery
a few small headstones surrounded by grass and trees.
a fork in the paved road, grass and trees to the far left, stone road at left center, small brown wooden house surrounded by grass and trees center, paved road rearing to the right, building on the very far right.
a fork in the paved road, trees and grass in center and off to the left and right.
a fork in the paved road, trees and grass in center and off to the left and right.
a fork in the paved road, trees and grass in center and off to the right.
a grassy patch, a small wooden canopy and lush trees.
a gravel road on the left, grass and trees at center, a red house with a white door on the right.
a gravel road runs slightly to left and intersects into a paved road, a white picket fence and a green house with american flag, and another flag hanging by the front door on the right, a large tree at center, more trees off in the distance.
a large headstone to the far right, surrounded by grass and trees, rod iron fence surrounding.
a large open blue doorway left, a smaller open doorway center back of the room, a large table with a bowl of apples, a pie, cooking utensils center of the room, a portrait of a woman on the wall at the center back of the room.
a large stone headstone at center surrounded by trees and grass.
a large sunlit window on the left, 3 sunlit windows, on the longer right wall, wooden chairs and tables along the wall, with framed portraits hanging.
a large sunlit window with a wood bench beneath at center, an open doorway leading outside on right,
a long yellow bar with bar stools on the left of a long walkway, wooden tables and barrels on the right, double doors with sunlit windows at the far end of the walkway.
a long yellow bar with bar stools on the right of a long walkway, wooden tables on the left, brick fireplace with framed portrait hanging above at the far end of the walkway.
a lush grassy area, several small lush green trees, a paved road running horizontal.
a lush grassy area, several small lush green trees.
a patch of green grass to the right of pavement with trees, a small wood canopy and a small wooden bridge.
a paved road on the left, white picket fence and trees off in the distance, red house on the right,
a paved road running from left to right, grass and trees across the road, brick buildings across the road and to the left.
a paved road runs left to right with grass on both sides, trees off in the short distance and a red house off to the left.
a paved road runs left to right, a small brick path running alongside, trees and grass and a small brick building ahead.
a paved road runs left to right, a small bridge made of 5 planks of wood leading over the gutter to the sidewalk. at center a brick path leading to a white building, flanked by grass and trees. Larger red brick building to the far right.
a paved road runs left to right, grass and trees and partially visible buildings.
a paved road runs left to right, trees and grass and buildings on the other side.
a paved road runs straight ahead and slightly to the left, a no parking sign on left, grass and trees on both sides of the road.
a paved road runs straight ahead and trees on the left of the road, a brick building to the right.
a paved road runs straight ahead on the left, a brick sidewalk at center, a white house and green grass lawn on the right.
a paved road runs straight ahead with green trees and grass on each side leading to large buildings.
a paved road runs straight ahead with green trees and grass on each side.
a paved road runs straight ahead with green trees and grass on each side.
a paved road runs straight ahead with green trees and grass on each side.
a paved road runs straight ahead, brick sidewalk on the left, in front of a brick building with a sign that says "J Huston Tavern", a brick building with storefronts on the right.
a paved road runs straight ahead, green grass and trees on both sides of the road.
a paved road runs straight ahead, red brick path on the left, gray sidewalk on the right, flanked by grass and trees.
a paved road runs straight ahead, trees and grass to the left, trees, green foliage and a small brown wooden building on the right.
a red wall with a big window on the left, a small wood table in front of a white wall straight ahead, and a white troft on the right
a room with tables, baskets and barrels and a cigar box on the left, an open blue doorway center, a small table with chickens poking out of it and pitchfork hanging from the ceiling on the right.
a small brick fireplace with framed image hanging above, wooden bench under a sunlit window to the left, wooden chair near an open doorway to the right.
a small single bed next to a sunlit window on the left, a wood table, a couple of chairs, and a brick fireplace at the back center of the room, a large double decker bed on the right.
a small white room with a sunlit window above a small wood table with an oil burning lantern on top. An open doorway to the left.
a small white troft on the left, an open doorway leading inside at center, trees and grass to the right,
a small wood cradle in front of a brick fireplace with a painting on the mantle on the left, a closed wood door with a child sized chair and rocking chair at center, a sunlit window and wood dresser with painting hung above on the far right.
a small wood dresser to the left of an open doorway, a brick fireplace with a clock on the mantle in the center, an armoire cabinet on the right, an antique wooden baby cradle in front of a sunlit window on the right.
a small wood plank path leading up to a red brick ground in front of a red brick building, with many windows, 3 doors, decorated with pumpkins, the center front door adorns a fall themed wreath, is flanked by white and green benches.
a staircase leading down on front left, a hallway leading to a closed white door center, an open doorway to a bedroom on the right.
a staircase leading down on the left, a doorway to another room at center, a chair in front of a sunlit window on the right.
a stone arch on the left, a rod iron fence in the background, grass and trees and a few small headstones spread around.
a stone headstone surrounded by grass and trees.
a stone headstone to the right, surrounded by grass, trees, and smaller headstones.
a white building on the far left, 3 brick steps leading up to a small brick building at center a gray building on far right.
a white room with a sunlit window on the left and an open doorway leading to another room at right center.
a white room with wood chairs and a table and a black woodburning stove at center right, 3 sunlit windows with curtains.
a white room with wood floors, a closed white door flanked by sunlit windows.
a white room with wood trim flanked by sunlit windows, wooden table to the right, wooden bench to the left, small brick fireplace straight ahead with a framed image hanging above it and an open doorway to the right.
a white room with wood trim, framed image hanging next to a closed wooden door on the left, wooden table with chairs center, wooden judge's bench flanked by wooden chairs in the back of the room, wooden door to the right.
a white room with wood trim, wooden tables and wooden door straight ahead.
a wood dresser to the left, and open doorway leading outside at center, white wall on the right.
a wooden porch with a small white bench on the right, leading into an open doorway with small table inside, trees and grass to the right of the porch.
a wooden porch, leading into an open doorway with small table inside, trees and grass to the left of the porch.
a yellow bar with bar stools, a shelf with cigars, jars of candy, large wooden box of salt and other items behind the bar.
a yellow wall with a large sunlit window, wood chairs and table along the left wall. 3 sunlit windows and wood chairs along the center back wall, a wood table along the right wall.
an open doorway leading inside on the left, lawn to the front and center, red building with window on the right,
an open doorway leading outside on the left, black wood burning stove at center, wood table under a sunlit window on right.
an open doorway leading to another room with a bed behind it.
an open wooden doorway on the left, a bed next to a sunlit window with light blue curtain at center, a small wood cradle in front of a brick fireplace with a painting on the mantle on the right.
antique baby cradle in front of a wood armoire cabinet on the left, 2 sunlit windows with a small table and chairs center, a wood cabinet on the right.
bird's eye view of dense trees
birds eye view of grass, trees, winding roads, and a lake. right facing key to enter/move to the right.
birds eye view of trees and lake and river, tab for information
birds eye view of trees and lake/river
birds eye view of trees and partially visible roads and buildings, tab activation to return to drone view.
black wood burning stove to the left, 2 sunlit windows at center, a spinning wheel, wood table and chairs at center, a door on right.
brick fireplace with blue mantle and framed portrait on the left, open doorway center, blue door front right.
brick path with a fork splitting right and left, left side leading to a brick building, right leading into small bushes, all surrounded by grass and trees.
dried leaves on the dirt covered ground, trees and foliage scattered around.
grass and trees and wood fence surrounding the cemetary.
grass and trees and wood fence surrounding the cemetery.
grass and trees in front of a partially visible building on the left, brick building with blonde wood steps leading up to white doors on the right.
inside view of stone building lookin out, open grid style metal door.
long paved road running straight ahead and veering slightly to the left, stop sign at the far end, flanked by grass, trees and foliage.
long paved road running straight ahead, flanked by trees and grass, small building on the right hand side.
long room with wood floors and yellow walls, large doorway and wood chairs on the left wall, a brick fireplace flanked by 2 sunlit windows on the back center wall. Another sunlit window, wooden chairs and framed portraits on the right wall. A spinning wheel in the center of the room.
long staircase leading up on the left, doorway to a dining area with tables and chairs on the right.
lush green foliage surrounding a close up look at small wooden canopy, concrete slab underneath with a polygon shaped concrete slab lifted in the center
lush green trees on one side of a small wooden bridge, grass with a wooden post and hanging sign on the other side, next too black pavement.
many large and small headstones in a field of grass and trees.
open doorway leading to a sunlit porch, wooden chairs on the left, wooden bench on the right.
paved road leading to upper left, white picket fence on the far left, building surrounded by trees center, small brick building at far right.
paved road running left to right, grass and trees on the far side.
red building on the left, 3 steps leading up to a small white porch at left center, trees and grass to the right.
small leaf covered dirt hill with a stone walkway leading up to a small stone building with an open doorway, flanked by trees.
small room with wood chair in front of open wooden door on the left, wooden chair and desk on the right.
small table with chickens poking out on the left, a barrel with a cigar box on top center left, a brick fireplace with a portrait hanging above at the center back end of the room, a yellow bar with stools at the far right.
small white room with wood trim, wood doors to the left, sunlit window center, wooden desk on the right.
small white room with wood trim, wooden judges bench with American flag to the left, wooden bench to the right, open door to sunlit porch center.
small white room, small wooden bed with blue and white patterned quilt to the left, closed wooden door flanked with a small end table and wooden chair in the center, and an open wooden door to the right.
small white room, wooden desk on the left, sunlit window with 2 wooden chairs beneath in the center, small wooden bed with blue and white patterned quilt to the right.
small wooden canopy, grassy leave covered path, trees and small wooden bridge off in the distance.
some headstones in the distance surrounded by grass and trees
stone walls meeting in a corner. open grid style metal door.
stone walls meeting in a corner.
stone walls meeting in a corner.
the corner of an attic style room with worn chipping white paint, 2 wooden chairs to the left of an open doorway leading to another room.
the corner of an attic style room with worn chipping white paint, white railing below a bright sunlit window on the right, an open doorway leading to another room on the left.
view from porch looking out to a small path, trees and grass, and an American Flag protruding from the porch pillar.
view from porch with a small white bench looking out to a small path, trees and grass.
wall with framed painting of building on the left, blue door labeled "toilet" center left, doorway to another room at far right.
white building on left center, tree and grass to the right.
white building on right, small bush center, brick path on the left.
white double door with sunlit windows on the left, entryway to another room on the right.
white room blue trim, blue and white china plates hanging on wall to the left, open doorway leading to another room center, 4 stairs leading up to a closed door far right.
white room blue trim, brick fireplace with blue mantle and framed portrait left, wood table white table cloth set for 4 under a sunlit window center, blue and white china plates hung on wall at far right.
white room blue trim, wood bench left, blue door left center, a small table below sunlit window right, small desk and cabinet right, open doorway leading to another room far right.
white room with blue trim, 4 stairs going up on the far left, open blue doorway leading to room with table and chairs center, small table and chair at right center, a brick fireplace with blue mantle at far right, with framed portrait hanging above.
white wall with open doorway leading to another room.
wooden chair next to an open doorway on the left, sunlit window next to a framed image and closed wooden door to the right.
wooden judge's bench, american flag behind it, 2 wooden chairs to the right, sun shining in through a window behind and a framed image hanging on the wall.
A birds eye view of grass, trees, winding roads, and a lake.
Arrow Rock State Historic Site
Tavern Details:
• Square Feet: Appox. 6,400
• Number of Rooms: 11
• Number of Bathrooms: 3
• Number of Fireplaces: 5
• Number of Stories: 2
• Year Built: 1834
• Material: Brick and Stone
• Original Power Source: Wood-burning stoves and candles
Bingham House Details:
• Square Feet: 1,140
• Number of Rooms: 3
• Number of Fireplaces: 1
• Number of Stories: 1
• Year Built: 1837
• Material: Brick, stone and clapboard
• Original Power Source: Wood-burning stove, candles and oil lamps
Arrow Rock State Historic Site
Tavern Details:
• Square Feet: Appox. 6,400
• Number of Rooms: 11
• Number of Bathrooms: 3
• Number of Fireplaces: 5
• Number of Stories: 2
• Year Built: 1834
• Material: Brick and Stone
• Original Power Source: Wood-burning stoves and candles
Bingham House Details:
• Square Feet: 1,140
• Number of Rooms: 3
• Number of Fireplaces: 1
• Number of Stories: 1
• Year Built: 1837
• Material: Brick, stone and clapboard
• Original Power Source: Wood-burning stove, candles and oil lamps
Daniel Boone Escorting Settlers through the Cumberland Gap, 1851-1852
George Caleb Bingham took interest in art as a boy when traveling artist Chester Harding visted Franklin in 1820. By the mid-1830s, George earned a living as a portrait painter and although largely self-taught, in 1838, he briefly studied at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts. After returning to Missouri, and serving a term in the Missouri House of Representatives as a Whig, he began painting some of his most famous pieces depicting frontier and river life, during the time of westward expansion. In 1856, he traveled with his family to Europe visiting major cities, but destined for Dusseldorf, Germany, where he studied art for 3 years. George returned to Missouri in 1859 and the Missouri legislature commissioned him to paint portraits of President Andrew Jackson and stateman Henry Clay for the capitol building. Because of Bingham’s pro-Union leanings, pro-secessionist legislators tried to delay or deny him payment, leading to a bitter war of words between Bingham and the legislators in major Missouri newspapers.
Image courtesy of the Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum, Washington University in St. Louis. Gift of Nathaniel Phillips, 1890. Oil on canvas, 36 1/2 x 50 1/4
Mammy Rocker
Nanny, or mammy, rockers are designed to allow an adult to rock a baby sitting near them, hands-free. The front panel, held in by pegs, is removable to create seating for two adults. The term “mammy” references a stereotype of African American women that first appeared in the antebellum period as a justification for human enslavement. Often depicted in the post-war years as a rotund, dark-skinned, smiling woman, the “mammy” caricature fabricated a belief system that African American women were natural domestic workers and caregivers for white children. George’s parents owned enslaved people, as did he when he was on his own. This was not an uncommon practice, especially in Arrow Rock and along Missouri and Mississippi River valleys. However, as a member of the Whig political party, Bingham believed that the institution of slavery ultimately had to be ended.
Mammy Rocker
Nanny, or mammy, rockers are designed to allow an adult to rock a baby sitting near them, hands-free. The front panel, held in by pegs, is removable to create seating for two adults. The term “mammy” references a stereotype of African American women that first appeared in the antebellum period as a justification for human enslavement. Often depicted in the post-war years as a rotund, dark-skinned, smiling woman, the “mammy” caricature fabricated a belief system that African American women were natural domestic workers and caregivers for white children. George’s parents owned enslaved people, as did he when he was on his own. This was not an uncommon practice, especially in Arrow Rock and along Missouri and Mississippi River valleys. However, as a member of the Whig political party, Bingham believed that the institution of slavery ultimately had to be ended.
Daniel Boone Escorting Settlers through the Cumberland Gap, 1851-1852
George Caleb Bingham took interest in art as a boy when traveling artist Chester Harding visted Franklin in 1820. By the mid-1830s, George earned a living as a portrait painter and although largely self-taught, in 1838, he briefly studied at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts. After returning to Missouri, and serving a term in the Missouri House of Representatives as a Whig, he began painting some of his most famous pieces depicting frontier and river life, during the time of westward expansion. In 1856, he traveled with his family to Europe visiting major cities, but destined for Dusseldorf, Germany, where he studied art for 3 years. George returned to Missouri in 1859 and the Missouri legislature commissioned him to paint portraits of President Andrew Jackson and stateman Henry Clay for the capitol building. Because of Bingham’s pro-Union leanings, pro-secessionist legislators tried to delay or deny him payment, leading to a bitter war of words between Bingham and the legislators in major Missouri newspapers.
Image courtesy of the Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum, Washington University in St. Louis. Gift of Nathaniel Phillips, 1890. Oil on canvas, 36 1/2 x 50 1/4
Family Life on the Frontier, 1845
While George Caleb Bingham often depicted frontier life, it is rare to see him paint an intimate look at domestic life. Although he experienced success as an artist and politician, he also experienced great loss in his life. At the age of 12, George lost his father to malaria and during his lifetime, he married three times and had six children, only three of whom outlived him. In 1836, Bingham married Sarah Hutchinson and together the couple had five children. A year after Sarah died, in 1849, he remarried Eliza Thomas, 18 years his junior, and together the couple had a single child. Eliza became mentally deranged in October of 1876 and was institutionalized, then died a month later. George married Martha Lykins in 1878, just a year before his own death. Image courtesy of American Museum of Western Art – The Anschutz Collection, photo by William J. O’Connor.
Family Life on the Frontier, 1845
While George Caleb Bingham often depicted frontier life, it is rare to see him paint an intimate look at domestic life. Although he experienced success as an artist and politician, he also experienced great loss in his life. At the age of 12, George lost his father to malaria and during his lifetime, he married three times and had six children, only three of whom outlived him. In 1836, Bingham married Sarah Hutchinson and together the couple had five children. A year after Sarah died, in 1849, he remarried Eliza Thomas, 18 years his junior, and together the couple had a single child. Eliza became mentally deranged in October of 1876 and was institutionalized, then died a month later. George married Martha Lykins in 1878, just a year before his own death. Image courtesy of American Museum of Western Art – The Anschutz Collection, photo by William J. O’Connor.
Academy Boarding House
In 1843, the Missouri legislature chartered the Arrow Rock Female Seminary, which once stood just east of the tavern. Constructed in 1829, the “boarding house” was originally a single story, double-pen log cabin with an open breezeway in the middle. In 1838, a second story was added for additional space. The Seminary changed hands in 1848, and the log cabin became the boarding house for Reverend Gary Hickman’s Lebanon Female Academy. That year, the Jefferson Inquirer advertised the Academy as having “large and commodious buildings” and a yard and garden “beautifully ornamented, affording a delightful retreat during the warm weather.” After closing its doors in 1851, Professor Joshua Tracy purchased the property to start the Arrow Rock Female College, which closed in 1861 with the outbreak of the Civil War.
Academy Boarding House
In 1843, the Missouri legislature chartered the Arrow Rock Female Seminary, which once stood just east of the tavern. Constructed in 1829, the “boarding house” was originally a single story, double-pen log cabin with an open breezeway in the middle. In 1838, a second story was added for additional space. The Seminary changed hands in 1848, and the log cabin became the boarding house for Reverend Gary Hickman’s Lebanon Female Academy. That year, the Jefferson Inquirer advertised the Academy as having “large and commodious buildings” and a yard and garden “beautifully ornamented, affording a delightful retreat during the warm weather.” After closing its doors in 1851, Professor Joshua Tracy purchased the property to start the Arrow Rock Female College, which closed in 1861 with the outbreak of the Civil War.
Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, Brown’s Lodge No. 22, ca. 1877
Following the Civil War and emancipation, Arrow Rock’s Black community grew significantly and began to organize. Although, now legally free people, the social rules of segregation applied and the Black community quickly began establishing their own schools, churches and at least 4 lodges including the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, Brown’s Lodge No. 22. As the first African American established lodge in Arrow Rock and the last to exist, the Brown’s Lodge provided its members access to social events, and more importantly, a network of like-minded individuals and a support system in an era before largescale social welfare programs. From the end of the Civil War until the early 1950s, nearly half of Arrow Rock’s population was African American. Many left during the Great Depression seeking job opportunities in urban areas. Brown’s Lodge closed its doors in 1931. The building remained in use as a restaurant through the 1950s then was abandoned. Today, the Friends of Arrow Rock have restored the lodge and constructed a museum inside that tells Arrow Rock’s Black history. Courtesy of and owned by the Friends of Arrow Rock.
Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, Brown’s Lodge No. 22, ca. 1877
Following the Civil War and emancipation, Arrow Rock’s Black community grew significantly and began to organize. Although, now legally free people, the social rules of segregation applied and the Black community quickly began establishing their own schools, churches and at least 4 lodges including the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, Brown’s Lodge No. 22. As the first African American established lodge in Arrow Rock and the last to exist, the Brown’s Lodge provided its members access to social events, and more importantly, a network of like-minded individuals and a support system in an era before largescale social welfare programs. From the end of the Civil War until the early 1950s, nearly half of Arrow Rock’s population was African American. Many left during the Great Depression seeking job opportunities in urban areas. Brown’s Lodge closed its doors in 1931. The building remained in use as a restaurant through the 1950s then was abandoned. Today, the Friends of Arrow Rock have restored the lodge and constructed a museum inside that tells Arrow Rock’s Black history. Courtesy of and owned by the Friends of Arrow Rock.
Arrow Rock Bluff on the Missouri River
Indigenous tribes have been in the Arrow Rock area for at least 12,000 years, with the most recent being the Osage tribe. In the 1750s, a French cartographer identified this area as “Pierre `a Fleche,” meaning “Rock of Arrows.” While the evidence is questionable, multiple early accounts state the name originated from the fact that the area tribes used the bluff stone to make their arrowheads, while later accounts speculated the bluff may have once been shaped like an arrow. During the 19th century, as American settlers continued to push west, the Osage faced disease and dislocation. Following the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, the United States government began using treaties to appropriate Osage lands. By the time of Missouri statehood in 1821, most of the Osage were in the present area of southeast Kansas and northeast Oklahoma. In 1825, they ceded the last of their territory in Missouri. Image courtesy of the David Rumsey Map Collection, David Rumsey Map Center, Stanford Libraries.
Arrow Rock Bluff on the Missouri River
Indigenous tribes have been in the Arrow Rock area for at least 12,000 years, with the most recent being the Osage tribe. In the 1750s, a French cartographer identified this area as “Pierre `a Fleche,” meaning “Rock of Arrows.” While the evidence is questionable, multiple early accounts state the name originated from the fact that the area tribes used the bluff stone to make their arrowheads, while later accounts speculated the bluff may have once been shaped like an arrow. During the 19th century, as American settlers continued to push west, the Osage faced disease and dislocation. Following the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, the United States government began using treaties to appropriate Osage lands. By the time of Missouri statehood in 1821, most of the Osage were in the present area of southeast Kansas and northeast Oklahoma. In 1825, they ceded the last of their territory in Missouri. Image courtesy of the David Rumsey Map Collection, David Rumsey Map Center, Stanford Libraries.
Arrow Rock Ferry
Established circa 1815, the Arrow Rock ferry crossed the Missouri River at a relatively narrow section of the river, where the Osage Indians already had a long-established crossing and trail. According to an 1819 account, the ferry consisted of “two canoes, on which rests a platform, with a slight railing to prevent cattle from falling off.” From 1819 to 1833, Judge David Todd, the uncle of Mary Todd-Lincoln, owned the busy ferry landing. For several years William Becknell, who opened the Santa Fe Trail, served as the ferry operator. By the mid-19th century, steam-powered boats replaced the self-propelled ferryboats. At the turn of the 20th century, gasoline-powered boats replaced steam-powered boats. In the 1920s, the popularity of automobiles and the expansion of highways resulted in bridges built across the Missouri River at other locations. The Arrow Rock ferry became obsolete and made its last run in 1927.
Arrow Rock Ferry
Established circa 1815, the Arrow Rock ferry crossed the Missouri River at a relatively narrow section of the river, where the Osage Indians already had a long-established crossing and trail. According to an 1819 account, the ferry consisted of “two canoes, on which rests a platform, with a slight railing to prevent cattle from falling off.” From 1819 to 1833, Judge David Todd, the uncle of Mary Todd-Lincoln, owned the busy ferry landing. For several years William Becknell, who opened the Santa Fe Trail, served as the ferry operator. By the mid-19th century, steam-powered boats replaced the self-propelled ferryboats. At the turn of the 20th century, gasoline-powered boats replaced steam-powered boats. In the 1920s, the popularity of automobiles and the expansion of highways resulted in bridges built across the Missouri River at other locations. The Arrow Rock ferry became obsolete and made its last run in 1927.
Ballroom
A part of Huston’s expansion, and added at the same time as the mercantile, the ballroom was a social hall and a meeting place. The space accommodated dances accompanied by "first class string bands," and the occasional Masonic Lodge and town board meeting. During the 1849 and 1862 cholera epidemics, the ballroom served as a hospital ward for the town. Believed to result from “miasma” or foul odors, cholera actually came from bacteria often transmitted via fecally contaminated drinking water, completely preventable with good hygiene practices. Unaware of its true cause, outbreaks of cholera created panic among communities compelling many to abandon their homes in an attempt to allude illness and possibly death. In 1849, almost 28% of the town contracted cholera, with a 33% mortality rate. The outbreak resulted in the death of 10% of the town's entire population. In 1879, cholera ultimately claimed the life of artist George Caleb Bingham.
Ballroom
A part of Huston’s expansion, and added at the same time as the mercantile, the ballroom was a social hall and a meeting place. The space accommodated dances accompanied by "first class string bands," and the occasional Masonic Lodge and town board meeting. During the 1849 and 1862 cholera epidemics, the ballroom served as a hospital ward for the town. Believed to result from “miasma” or foul odors, cholera actually came from bacteria often transmitted via fecally contaminated drinking water, completely preventable with good hygiene practices. Unaware of its true cause, outbreaks of cholera created panic among communities compelling many to abandon their homes in an attempt to allude illness and possibly death. In 1849, almost 28% of the town contracted cholera, with a 33% mortality rate. The outbreak resulted in the death of 10% of the town's entire population. In 1879, cholera ultimately claimed the life of artist George Caleb Bingham.
Bell Rope
This rope is attached to a salvaged steamboat bell, housed inside of a cupola, topped with a fish-shaped weather vane, located on the tavern roof. Local oral histories say the tavern workers rang the bell to announce meal times, town emergencies and as a reminder for residents to take Dr. John Sappington's anti-fever quinine pills. On one occasion, a doctor arrived late one night seeking a room. Finding no one about, he pulled the rope to ring for service. The entire town turned out to see what the alarm was about.
Bell Rope
This rope is attached to a salvaged steamboat bell, housed inside of a cupola, topped with a fish-shaped weather vane, located on the tavern roof. Local oral histories say the tavern workers rang the bell to announce meal times, town emergencies and as a reminder for residents to take Dr. John Sappington's anti-fever quinine pills. On one occasion, a doctor arrived late one night seeking a room. Finding no one about, he pulled the rope to ring for service. The entire town turned out to see what the alarm was about.
Big Spring
Located in a valley just south of the J. Huston Tavern, Big Spring became a popular watering stop for travelers and traders on the Santa Fe Trail. In 1821, William Becknell led a small party of men with pack horses across the Missouri River near Arrow Rock. This resulted in the first successful trade expedition to Santa Fe, New Mexico. Becknell returned with stories of bountiful lands and great economic opportunity; especially in the form of silver coins. Becknell traveled back to Santa Fe in 1822 with three wagonloads of merchandise, and regular commerce between the Missouri frontier and Santa Fe became a two-way street by 1824. Horses, mules, oxen, wagons, and carriages transported thousands of dollars’ worth of goods over roughly 1,200 miles. By 1843, half of the traders were Mexican nationals traveling to Missouri to buy their merchandise. This trade fostered many Anglo-Hispanic business partnerships in Mexico and Missouri.
Big Spring
Located in a valley just south of the J. Huston Tavern, Big Spring became a popular watering stop for travelers and traders on the Santa Fe Trail. In 1821, William Becknell led a small party of men with pack horses across the Missouri River near Arrow Rock. This resulted in the first successful trade expedition to Santa Fe, New Mexico. Becknell returned with stories of bountiful lands and great economic opportunity; especially in the form of silver coins. Becknell traveled back to Santa Fe in 1822 with three wagonloads of merchandise, and regular commerce between the Missouri frontier and Santa Fe became a two-way street by 1824. Horses, mules, oxen, wagons, and carriages transported thousands of dollars’ worth of goods over roughly 1,200 miles. By 1843, half of the traders were Mexican nationals traveling to Missouri to buy their merchandise. This trade fostered many Anglo-Hispanic business partnerships in Mexico and Missouri.
Butter Mold
In Saline County, butter was a commonly produced commodity. In 1850, of the roughly 592 individual farmers, 96.6% of them produced butter, with the amount ranging from 20 to 800 pounds. Butter was stored and shipped in small wooden barrels called firkins. A firkin was also a unit of measurement and equated to 56 pounds of butter. In 1854, five pounds of butter sold for $3 in the area. Farmers used molds to shape, decorate and mark butter blocks, so consumers knew the production location. Before mass produced goods, most butter molds were hand-carved. Generally, they were round or rectangular and depicted natural images such as plants and farm animals. Common mold images include wheat sheaths, thistles, stars, pineapples, cows, sheep, acorns and flowers.
Butter Mold
In Saline County, butter was a commonly produced commodity. In 1850, of the roughly 592 individual farmers, 96.6% of them produced butter, with the amount ranging from 20 to 800 pounds. Butter was stored and shipped in small wooden barrels called firkins. A firkin was also a unit of measurement and equated to 56 pounds of butter. In 1854, five pounds of butter sold for $3 in the area. Farmers used molds to shape, decorate and mark butter blocks, so consumers knew the production location. Before mass produced goods, most butter molds were hand-carved. Generally, they were round or rectangular and depicted natural images such as plants and farm animals. Common mold images include wheat sheaths, thistles, stars, pineapples, cows, sheep, acorns and flowers.
Courthouse, ca. 1830
From 1839 to 1840, Arrow Rock served at as the Saline County seat, and oral tradition held that this building served as the Saline County courthouse. The Friends of Arrow Rock restored this building and donated it to the state of Missouri in 1962. Although research revealed the original courthouse no longer exists, this building serves as a reminder of antebellum Arrow Rock politics when the town was a political powerhouse. Prior to the Civil War, many landowners in Saline County became very wealthy due to the fertile soil and proximity of the Missouri River. As area farmers became wealthy, they developed a plantation system that required more slave labor. This took place at a time of national expansion when the legality and morality of slavery was being questioned. However, economic power translated into political power, and slave owners used that power to maintain their wealth.
Courthouse, ca. 1830
From 1839 to 1840, Arrow Rock served at as the Saline County seat, and oral tradition held that this building served as the Saline County courthouse. The Friends of Arrow Rock restored this building and donated it to the state of Missouri in 1962. Although research revealed the original courthouse no longer exists, this building serves as a reminder of antebellum Arrow Rock politics when the town was a political powerhouse. Prior to the Civil War, many landowners in Saline County became very wealthy due to the fertile soil and proximity of the Missouri River. As area farmers became wealthy, they developed a plantation system that required more slave labor. This took place at a time of national expansion when the legality and morality of slavery was being questioned. However, economic power translated into political power, and slave owners used that power to maintain their wealth.
D.A.R. Kitchen
In 1912, the Daughters of the American Revolution (D.A.R.) and women from the National Old Trails Road committee, recognized the tavern’s significance and furnished a room with pieces collected from the families of early settlers as a way to teach Missouri history. In the 1920s, the D.A.R pressured Missouri politicians to preserve Arrow Rock Tavern, and in 1923, the state purchased it for $5,000. This landmark purchase marks the first time the state bought a structure specifically for the purpose of historic preservation. The women of the D.A.R. led the way in both Arrow Rock’s and Missouri’s historic preservation. Artifacts on loan from the D.A.R.
D.A.R. Kitchen
In 1912, the Daughters of the American Revolution (D.A.R.) and women from the National Old Trails Road committee, recognized the tavern’s significance and furnished a room with pieces collected from the families of early settlers as a way to teach Missouri history. In the 1920s, the D.A.R pressured Missouri politicians to preserve Arrow Rock Tavern, and in 1923, the state purchased it for $5,000. This landmark purchase marks the first time the state bought a structure specifically for the purpose of historic preservation. The women of the D.A.R. led the way in both Arrow Rock’s and Missouri’s historic preservation. Artifacts on loan from the D.A.R.
Dr. John Sappington, (1776-1856)
In 1819 Dr. John Sappington, 54, and his wife Jane, moved to a several hundred-acre property they purchased several miles southwest of Arrow Rock. Here Sappington was a physician, farmer, enslaver and moneylender, which made him a very wealthy man. He accumulated several thousand acres and enslaved about two dozen individuals to work the land. In 1850, he had over 1,500 head of livestock, a sizable orchard and produced 600 pounds of wool and 200 pounds of butter. Sappington and his family enslaved so many people that upon his death in 1856, he willed a section of land for their cemetery. Today, called the Sappington African American Cemetery, it has over 350 graves, most unmarked. As a physician, Sappington practiced medical research and he learned cinchona tree bark from Peru could help treat fevers. He separated the active ingredient of quinine from the bark, and in 1832 began selling it as anti-fever pills. The pills successfully treated malaria, a deadly disease spread by mosquitos and common in the Missouri River valley. This Georgian-style building built in the 1970s, serves as the Dr. John Sappington Memorial Museum honoring his legacy as a medical pioneer. Courtesy of and owned by the Friends of Arrow Rock.
Dr. John Sappington, (1776-1856)
In 1819 Dr. John Sappington, 54, and his wife Jane, moved to a several hundred-acre property they purchased several miles southwest of Arrow Rock. Here Sappington was a physician, farmer, enslaver, and moneylender, which made him a very wealthy man. He accumulated several thousand acres and enslaved about two dozen individuals to work the land. In 1850, he had over 1,500 head of livestock, a sizable orchard and produced 600 pounds of wool and 200 pounds of butter. Sappington and his family enslaved so many people that upon his death in 1856, he willed a section of land for their cemetery. Today, called the Sappington African American Cemetery, it has over 350 graves, most unmarked. As a physician, Sappington practiced medical research and he learned cinchona tree bark from Peru could help treat fevers. He separated the active ingredient of quinine from the bark, and in 1832 began selling it as anti-fever pills. The pills successfully treated malaria, a deadly disease spread by mosquitos and common in the Missouri River valley. This Georgian-style building built in the 1970s, serves as the Dr. John Sappington Memorial Museum honoring his legacy as a medical pioneer. Courtesy of and owned by the Friends of Arrow Rock.
Dr. Matthew Hall, (1817-1894)
In 1845, Kentucky native Dr. Matthew Hall and his wife Agnes moved to Arrow Rock. The following year, Hall purchased this new four-room brick home where the couple raised several of their 11 children. In Arrow Rock, Hall practiced medicine for 12 years, served as a member of the Arrow Rock Board of Trustees and was active in civic affairs. In 1854, he purchased nearly 480 acres of land in Saline County, sold this house and relocated to his farm. According to family tradition, the Halls moved to keep their children from “the evil influence of a river town.” By 1860, Hall still practiced medicine, but made a significant amount of wealth as a planter. That year he owned at least six enslaved people, who produced 12 tons of hemp, 8,000 bushels of corn and 500 pounds of butter. In 1860, voters elected Hall to represent Saline County as a pro-slavery Democrat. At the outbreak of the Civil War, he served as a surgeon for the Confederacy until being captured in 1861. Following the war, Hall continued to practice medicine and used newly emancipated African Americans to keep his farm profitable. In 1963, Missouri State Parks acquired the Dr. Matthew Hall House and for several years, it served as the state headquarters for the Daughters of the American Revolution. Image courtesy of the Friends of Arrow Rock.
Dr. Matthew Hall, (1817-1894)
In 1845, Kentucky native Dr. Matthew Hall and his wife Agnes moved to Arrow Rock. The following year, Hall purchased this new four-room brick home where the couple raised several of their 11 children. In Arrow Rock, Hall practiced medicine for 12 years, served as a member of the Arrow Rock Board of Trustees and was active in civic affairs. In 1854, he purchased nearly 480 acres of land in Saline County, sold this house and relocated to his farm. According to family tradition, the Halls moved to keep their children from “the evil influence of a river town.” By 1860, Hall still practiced medicine, but made a significant amount of wealth as a planter. That year he owned at least six enslaved people, who produced 12 tons of hemp, 8,000 bushels of corn and 500 pounds of butter. In 1860, voters elected Hall to represent Saline County as a pro-slavery Democrat. At the outbreak of the Civil War, he served as a surgeon for the Confederacy until being captured in 1861. Following the war, Hall continued to practice medicine and used newly emancipated African Americans to keep his farm profitable. In 1963, Missouri State Parks acquired the Dr. Matthew Hall House and for several years, it served as the state headquarters for the Daughters of the American Revolution. Image courtesy of the Friends of Arrow Rock.
George Caleb Bingham, (1811-1879)
George Caleb Bingham built this formerly two-story, Federal-style home in 1837. One of America’s greatest 19th century artists; Bingham began his career painting portraits then later, life on the frontier and the rivers. George was born in Virginia, but after a huge financial loss, his father moved the family to Franklin, Missouri in 1819. At the age of 12, George lost his father to malaria forcing his mother to sell their Franklin property and move across the river near today’s Arrow Rock. Until the age of 16, George farmed the property with his brothers, then became a carpenter’s apprentice in Boonville and studied for the ministry and law. He soon turned his attention totally to art, first painting political banners then portraits. The portraits of Dr. John Sappington and his wife Jane Sappington, painted in 1834 are his earliest surviving works. In 1879, after an active and accomplished life, including three wives and seven children, George died in his Kansas City home from cholera at the age of 86.
George Caleb Bingham, (1811-1879)
George Caleb Bingham built this formerly two-story, Federal-style home in 1837. One of America’s greatest 19th century artists; Bingham began his career painting portraits then later, life on the frontier and the rivers. George was born in Virginia, but after a huge financial loss, his father moved the family to Franklin, Missouri in 1819. At the age of 12, George lost his father to malaria forcing his mother to sell their Franklin property and move across the river near today’s Arrow Rock. Until the age of 16, George farmed the property with his brothers, then became a carpenter’s apprentice in Boonville and studied for the ministry and law. He soon turned his attention totally to art, first painting political banners then portraits. The portraits of Dr. John Sappington and his wife Jane Sappington, painted in 1834 are his earliest surviving works. In 1879, after an active and accomplished life, including three wives and seven children, George died in his Kansas City home from cholera at the age of 86.
George Caleb Bingham’s Stump Speaking, 1853-54
Besides being an artist, throughout his adult life, George Caleb Bingham was involved in Missouri politics. In 1846, Bingham ran unsuccessfully for the state legislature. In 1847, citizens elected Bingham to the Arrow Rock Board of Trustees as the chairman, or mayor. Bingham ran for the state legislature again in 1848 and was elected as Saline County representative. Bingham, like many in Saline County, benefited from slave labor, but as a member of the Whig Party, he believed slavery should ultimately be abolished. When the Civil War broke out in 1861, he enlisted in the Union Army‘s Reserve Corps in Kansas City and was made a captain. He disliked military service and resigned his commission in 1862. From 1862 to 1865, Bingham served as the State Treasurer for the provisional government of Missouri. In 1875, he held the position of Adjutant General, an administrative office that oversaw the state militias, now the National Guard.
George Caleb Bingham’s Stump Speaking, 1853-54
Besides being an artist, throughout his adult life, George Caleb Bingham was involved in Missouri politics. In 1846, Bingham ran unsuccessfully for the state legislature. In 1847, citizens elected Bingham to the Arrow Rock Board of Trustees as the chairman, or mayor. Bingham ran for the state legislature again in 1848 and was elected as Saline County representative. Bingham, like many in Saline County, benefited from slave labor, but as a member of the Whig Party, he believed slavery should ultimately be abolished. When the Civil War broke out in 1861, he enlisted in the Union Army‘s Reserve Corps in Kansas City and was made a captain. He disliked military service and resigned his commission in 1862. From 1862 to 1865, Bingham served as the State Treasurer for the provisional government of Missouri. In 1875, he held the position of Adjutant General, an administrative office that oversaw the state militias, now the National Guard.
J. Huston Tavern
In 1833, Joseph Huston purchased a city block for $89, and the following year he erected a four-room brick structure that would come to serve as a residence for his family, hotel, tavern, mercantile, post office and meeting hall. The people Huston enslaved made and fired the bricks on-site for the original structure. In the late 1830s, a mercantile store and a second-story ballroom were added to the building. The ballroom walls contain remnants of stenciled designs, a practice common in Virginia but rare in Missouri. By 1840, Joseph Huston was widely known as a hotel-keeper. Later owners called the building the City Hotel, and in the 1920s the Daughters of the American Revolution called it “The Old Tavern.” Today it is known by its original name the J. Huston Tavern. The establishment provided important services for the locals as well as traders and travelers on the Santa Fe Trail and Missouri River. The J. Huston Tavern is the oldest continually operating restaurant west of the Mississippi River.
J. Huston Tavern
In 1833, Joseph Huston purchased a city block for $89, and the following year he erected a four-room brick structure that would come to serve as a residence for his family, hotel, tavern, mercantile, post office and meeting hall. The people Huston enslaved made and fired the bricks on-site for the original structure. In the late 1830s, a mercantile store and a second-story ballroom were added to the building. The ballroom walls contain remnants of stenciled designs, a practice common in Virginia but rare in Missouri. By 1840, Joseph Huston was widely known as a hotel-keeper. Later owners called the building the City Hotel, and in the 1920s the Daughters of the American Revolution called it “The Old Tavern.” Today it is known by its original name the J. Huston Tavern. The establishment provided important services for the locals as well as traders and travelers on the Santa Fe Trail and Missouri River. The J. Huston Tavern is the oldest continually operating restaurant west of the Mississippi River.
Joseph Huston, (1784-1865)
Joseph Huston led a full, prosperous life and held many titles; lieutenant, merchant, enslaver, justice of the peace, county court judge, hotelkeeper and post master. Huston served in the War of 1812 as a mounted rifleman in Capt. Baldwin’s Company; in 1819, Joseph, his wife Sarah, and their children left Virginia and moved to Arrow Rock. In Arrow Rock, Huston became one of the town’s first commissioners and opened a thriving business that supplied the community and travelers with food, lodging and goods.
Joseph Huston, (1784-1865)
Joseph Huston led a full, prosperous life and held many titles; lieutenant, merchant, enslaver, justice of the peace, county court judge, hotelkeeper and post master. Huston served in the War of 1812 as a mounted rifleman in Capt. Baldwin’s Company; in 1819, Joseph, his wife Sarah, and their children left Virginia and moved to Arrow Rock. In Arrow Rock, Huston became one of the town’s first commissioners and opened a thriving business that supplied the community and travelers with food, lodging and goods.
Mercantile
In the late 1830s, shortly after the construction of the tavern, Huston expanded his business and the building, adding a mercantile and ballroom. Huston used the ballroom as a social gathering space, while the mercantile acted as general store and sold a variety of products to local residence and travelers. Mercantiles sold ready-made clothing, groceries, housewares, hardware and more. The goods sold in the mercantile arrived via steamboats to Arrow Rock from St. Louis and even from wholesalers in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The store also doubled as the U.S. Post Office when Huston was Postmaster here.
Mercantile
In the late 1830s, shortly after the construction of the tavern, Huston expanded his business and the building, adding a mercantile and ballroom. Huston used the ballroom as a social gathering space, while the mercantile acted as general store and sold a variety of products to local residence and travelers. Mercantiles sold ready-made clothing, groceries, housewares, hardware and more. The goods sold in the mercantile arrived via steamboats to Arrow Rock from St. Louis and even from wholesalers in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The store also doubled as the U.S. Post Office when Huston was Postmaster here.
Sappington African American Cemetery State Historic Site
The Sappingtons and their extended families enslaved large numbers of African Americans whose labor and skills directly contributed to the family’s success and prosperity. In 1856, Dr. Sappington willed his enslaved workers a 2-acre plot for a cemetery. Burials before 1865 were unmarked, so most of the 350 burials in the cemetery are unknown. After Emancipation, this cemetery was used for generations of African Americans with links to the Arrow Rock community, with the last bural happening in 2012. This cemetery stands as a reminder of the Black culture and contribution to this area.
Sappington African American Cemetery State Historic Site
The Sappingtons and their extended families enslaved large numbers of African Americans whose labor and skills directly contributed to the family’s success and prosperity. In 1856, Dr. Sappington willed his enslaved workers a 2-acre plot for a cemetery. Burials before 1865 were unmarked, so most of the 350 burials in the cemetery are unknown. After Emancipation, this cemetery was used for generations of African Americans with links to the Arrow Rock community, with the last burial happening in 2012. This cemetery stands as a reminder of the Black culture and contribution to this area.
Sappington Cemetery State Historic Site
In 1831, Dr. John Sappington a prominent pioneer physician of Saline County, established this family cemetery. Sappington was also a successful business entrepreneur, agriculturist and enslaver who established an economic and political dynasty. Along with the Sappington family, two of Missouri’s governors, Meredith Miles Marmaduke and Claiborne Fox Jackson, are buried in the cemetery, both of whom married daughters of Dr. Sappington. The two-acre cemetery contains 111 headstones and markers and is enclosed by a limestone wall and wrought iron fence. Symbolism in the Sappington Cemetery reflects the period beliefs; Cedar and Austrian pine trees represent eternal life, while arched stones suggest victory over death. In 1856, Sappington willed a separate piece of land about a quarter-mile east for the burial of the family’s enslaved workforce.
Sappington Cemetery State Historic Site
In 1831, Dr. John Sappington a prominent pioneer physician of Saline County, established this family cemetery. Sappington was also a successful business entrepreneur, agriculturist and enslaver who established an economic and political dynasty. Along with the Sappington family, two of Missouri’s governors, Meredith Miles Marmaduke and Claiborne Fox Jackson, are buried in the cemetery, both of whom married daughters of Dr. Sappington. The two-acre cemetery contains 111 headstones and markers and is enclosed by a limestone wall and wrought iron fence. Symbolism in the Sappington Cemetery reflects the period beliefs; Cedar and Austrian pine trees represent eternal life, while arched stones suggest vistory over death. In 1856, Sappington willed a separate piece of land about a quarter-mile east for the burial of the family’s enslaved workforce.
Site History
Established in 1820, Saline County attracted many European-American settlers seeking economic opportunity. The county took its name from the abundant salt springs and brackish creeks in the area. Largely migrants from Kentucky, Virginia and Tennessee many brought their families, enslaved peoples and southern culture. While the Missouri River provided a major route for transportation, the river bottoms provided inexpensive, fertile farmland that allowed settlers to cultivate crops and raise livestock for subsistence and sale. The use of slave labor magnified the quantity of production and profit, allowing the settlers more time to engage in civic and political activities. Founded in 1829, Arrow Rock was located on a bluff of the same name overlooking the Missouri River. Next to the Santa Fe Trail, the town was first called Philadelphia. Travelers often called it New Philadelphia, but in 1833, the name changed to Arrow Rock. The Santa Fe Trail followed an ancient Osage trail that crossed the Missouri River here. River and overland commerce made Arrow Rock a thriving town and river port. It was home to wealthy and politically influential individuals, including three Missouri governors. Following the Civil War, the town suffered economic decline. The enslaved workforce was emancipated and railways displaced river commerce, but bypassed the town. Today, Arrow Rock State Historic Site preserves and shares the historic community’s legacy.
Site History
Established in 1820, Saline County attracted many European-American settlers seeking economic opportunity. The county took its name from the abundant salt springs and brackish creeks in the area. Largely migrants from Kentucky, Virginia and Tennessee many brought their families, enslaved peoples and southern culture. While the Missouri River provided a major route for transportation, the river bottoms provided inexpensive, fertile farmland that allowed settlers to cultivate crops and raise livestock for subsistence and sale. The use of slave labor magnified the quantity of production and profit, allowing the settlers more time to engage in civic and political activities. Founded in 1829, Arrow Rock was located on a bluff of the same name overlooking the Missouri River. Next to the Santa Fe Trail, the town was first called Philadelphia. Travelers often called it New Philadelphia, but in 1833, the name changed to Arrow Rock. The Santa Fe Trail followed an ancient Osage trail that crossed the Missouri River here. River and overland commerce made Arrow Rock a thriving town and river port. It was home to wealthy and politically influential individuals, including three Missouri governors. Following the Civil War, the town suffered economic decline. The enslaved workforce was emancipated and railways displaced river commerce, but bypassed the town. Today, Arrow Rock State Historic Site preserves and shares the historic community’s legacy.
Six-Can Spice Box
In mid-19th century Missouri, items common today, like roasted coffee, tea, syrup and spices were luxuries. They were not always readily available in rural areas and often cost prohibitive. However, with the advancement of steamboat technology, these imported goods became more common and less costly. Still spices were extremely valuable so stores sold lockable spice boxes for safekeeping. Common spices sold at the time included: ginger, cinnamon, allspice, clove, nutmeg and black pepper. As a transportation hub, there was a steady flow of goods imported and exported at Arrow Rock and residents had greater access to a variety of consumer goods than many other areas in the state.
Six-Can Spice Box
In mid-19th century Missouri, items common today, like roasted coffee, tea, syrup and spices were luxuries. They were not always readily available in rural areas and often cost prohibitive. However, with the advancement of steamboat technology, these imported goods became more common and less costly. Still spices were extremely valuable so stores sold lockable spice boxes for safekeeping. Common spices sold at the time included: ginger, cinnamon, allspice, clove, nutmeg and black pepper. As a transportation hub, there was a steady flow of goods imported and exported at Arrow Rock and residents had greater access to a variety of consumer goods than many other areas in the state.
Stone Gutters
In 1858, enslaved people quarried, cut and laid the limestone gutters that exist along Arrow Rock’s Main Street. Some of these stones are set 18 to 24 inches deep. Slavery was common in Arrow Rock for several reasons. First, many of those who settled Arrow Rock migrated from slave-holding states, especially Kentucky, Tennessee and Virginia, with their enslaved people. Second, Saline County was an agricultural area that produced large quantities of crops including tobacco and hemp, notoriously labor intensive to raise and process. Third, Arrow Rock, became a busy river port and major shipping point with the advancement of steamboat technology. Enslaved blacks labored as stevedores in the riverfront warehouses, the wharf and on the steamboats, loading and unloading cargo. In 1860, nearly one-third of Saline’s population was enslaved, performing compulsory labor, generating large sums of revenue and making their owners wealthy.
Stone Gutters
In 1858, enslaved people quarried, cut and laid the limestone gutters that exist along Arrow Rock’s Main Street. Some of these stones are set 18 to 24 inches deep. Slavery was common in Arrow Rock for several reasons. First, many of those who settled Arrow Rock migrated from slave-holding states, especially Kentucky, Tennessee and Virginia, with their enslaved people. Second, Saline County was an agricultural area that produced large quantities of crops including tobacco and hemp, notoriously labor intensive to raise and process. Third, Arrow Rock, became a busy river port and major shipping point with the advancement of steamboat technology. Enslaved blacks labored as stevedores in the riverfront warehouses, the wharf and on the steamboats, loading and unloading cargo. In 1860, nearly one-third of Saline’s population was enslaved, performing compulsory labor, generating large sums of revenue and making their owners wealthy.
Stone Jail
The Saline County Progress humorously remarked on February 28, 1868 “We have a calaboose or jail that is usually empty probably because we have neither Editor or Lawyer.” The original, 1866 hand-hewn log jail was lost to arson fire in 1873. The town of Arrow Rock then contracted with a “Mr. Ryan” that year to construct this arch-vaulted stone jail with an iron grate door. Rarely used, there is only one person known to have stayed in the jail. Locked up for public intoxication, his incessant shouting about snakes in the jail won him an early release just hours later.
Stone Jail
The Saline County Progress humorously remarked on February 28, 1868 “We have a calaboose or jail that is usually empty probably because we have neither Editor or Lawyer.” The original, 1866 hand-hewn log jail was lost to arson fire in 1873. The town of Arrow Rock then contracted with a “Mr. Ryan” that year to construct this arch-vaulted stone jail with an iron grate door. Rarely used, there is only one person known to have stayed in the jail. Locked up for public intoxication, his incessant shouting about snakes in the jail won him an early release just hours later.
The Huston Family
Although records of Joseph’s family are vague, we do know that in 1805 Joseph Huston and Sarah Brownlee married in Augusta County, Virginia. The couple migrated to Arrow Rock with three children and likely had another child after their arrival. Circa 1825, Sarah died and in 1826, Joseph remarried the widowed Elizabeth Lawless and together the couple had several children. The children would have all shared this same room until their teen years. Joseph Jr. opened the first bank in Marshall after the Civil War, Wood and Huston, still in operation today. John operated a successful drug store. Rachel helped operate the Arrow Rock Hotel in her later years. The other siblings found employment as millers, farmers and shop keepers.
The Huston Family
Although records of Joseph’s family are vague, we do know that in 1805 Joseph Huston and Sarah Brownlee married in Augusta County, Virginia. The couple migrated to Arrow Rock with three children and likely had another child after their arrival. Circa 1825, Sarah died and in 1826, Joseph remarried the widowed Elizabeth Lawless and together the couple had several children. The children would have all shared this same room until their teen years. Joseph Jr. opened the first bank in Marshall after the Civil War, Wood and Huston, still in operation today. John operated a successful drug store. Rachel helped operate the Arrow Rock Hotel in her later years. The other siblings found employment as millers, farmers and shop keepers.
Three Missouri Governors
Three of Missouri’s 19th century governors came from Arrow Rock, two of whom married daughters of Dr. John Sappington, while the other was his grandson. The first, Meredith Miles Marmaduke, moved to Missouri in 1821 and five years later married Lavinia Sappington. He was elected as lieutenant governor on a pro-slavery Democratic ticket and became the 8th governor of Missouri from 1844 to 1845, upon the death of Governor Thomas Reynolds. The second, Claiborne Fox Jackson, moved to Franklin in 1826, then to Arrow Rock where he met and married Mary Jane Sappington. Five months after their marriage, Mary Jane tragically died and Jackson remarried her younger sister Louisa Catherine, who died in a carriage accident five years later. Shortly thereafter, Jackson married the eldest Sappington daughter, Eliza, who outlived him. These marriages maintained his connection to the politically powerful Sappington family. Jackson served as Missouri’s 15th governor from November 1860 until June 1861 when he fled Missouri. Jackson deceptively attempted to make Missouri a Confederate state and refused President Lincoln’s orders to provide Missouri troops for the Union Army. The third, John Sappington Marmaduke, was born to Meredith and Lavinia in Arrow Rock. He served as Missouri’s 25th governor from 1885 until his death in 1887. A West Point graduate, during the Civil War he rose to the rank of Major General in the Confederate Army. Today, Meredith Marmaduke and Claiborne Jackson are interred at the Sappington Cemetery State Historic Site.
Three Missouri Governors
Three of Missouri’s 19th century governors came from Arrow Rock, two of whom married daughters of Dr. John Sappington, while the other was his grandson. The first, Meredith Miles Marmaduke, moved to Missouri in 1821 and five years later married Lavinia Sappington. He was elected as lieutenant governor on a pro-slavery Democratic ticket and became the 8th governor of Missouri from 1844 to 1845, upon the death of Governor Thomas Reynolds. The second, Claiborne Fox Jackson, moved to Franklin in 1826, then to Arrow Rock where he met and married Mary Jane Sappington. Five months after their marriage, Mary Jane tragically died and Jackson remarried her younger sister Louisa Catherine, who died in a carriage accident five years later. Shortly thereafter, Jackson married the eldest Sappington daughter, Eliza, who outlived him. These marriages maintained his connection to the politically powerful Sappington family. Jackson served as Missouri’s 15th governor from November 1860 until June 1861 when he fled Missouri. Jackson deceptively attempted to make Missouri a Confederate state and refused President Lincoln’s orders to provide Missouri troops for the Union Army. The third, John Sappington Marmaduke, was born to Meredith and Lavinia in Arrow Rock. He served as Missouri’s 25th governor from 1885 until his death in 1887. A West Point graduate, during the Civil War he rose to the rank of Major General in the Confederate Army. Today, Meredith Marmaduke and Claiborne Jackson are interred at the Sappington Cemetery State Historic Site.
Travelers’ Room
In 19th century America, a tavern was not simply a drinking establishment, but also a hotel and restaurant. The tavern was an important establishment for the many travelers and traders on the Santa Fe Trail and Missouri River that stopped at Arrow Rock. In 1840, Dr. Glen O. Hardeman was charged 12 ½ cents for a night’s stay in the Huston Tavern at Arrow Rock and said, “The currency of that day was exclusively of Mexican or Spanish coin” telling of the cultural exchange that took place via the Santa Fe Trail. Accommodations at the time were not luxurious and the J. Huston Tavern was probably no exception. Early in 1857, one traveler wrote “Reached Arrow Rock and stopped for the night in a miserable establishment called a Hotel.” Generally, strangers shared rooms and if the beds were full, one could get a pallet on the floor or in the attic for half price.
Travelers’ Room
In 19th century America, a tavern was not simply a drinking establishment, but also a hotel and restaurant. The tavern was an important establishment for the many travelers and traders on the Santa Fe Trail and Missouri River that stopped at Arrow Rock. In 1840, Dr. Glen O. Hardeman was charged 12 ½ cents for a night’s stay in the Huston Tavern at Arrow Rock and said, “The currency of that day was exclusively of Mexican or Spanish coin” telling of the cultural exchange that took place via the Santa Fe Trail. Accommodations at the time were not luxurious and the J. Huston Tavern was probably no exception. Early in 1857, one traveler wrote “Reached Arrow Rock and stopped for the night in a miserable establishment called a Hotel.” Generally, strangers shared rooms and if the beds were full, one could get a pallet on the floor or in the attic for half price.